How Long Can Emergency Contraceptive Pills Delay Your Period?

How long can menstruation be delayed after taking emergency contraception?

Last month, after taking the emergency contraceptive pill on February 28, I experienced bleeding for 3-4 days five days later.
However, my expected period was due on March 22, and it still hasn't arrived.
Could this be because of taking the emergency contraceptive pill? I also feel breast tenderness, which makes me wonder if I might be pregnant.
I took the emergency contraceptive pill within 3 hours after intercourse.

Ms. Wu, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2016/03/28

Dr. Cao Guotao reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Hello, emergency contraceptive pills can sometimes cause irregular menstruation.
It is best to use preventive measures beforehand.
If your period is more than a week late, it is advisable to see a gynecologist.
Wishing you good health.

Reply Date: 2016/03/28

More Info

Emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs), commonly known as "morning-after pills," can indeed affect your menstrual cycle. After taking ECPs, it is not uncommon for your period to be delayed or altered. The hormones in these pills can disrupt your normal hormonal balance, leading to changes in your menstrual cycle.

Typically, ECPs can delay your period by a few days to a week. However, some women may experience a delay of up to two weeks. In your case, since you took the emergency contraceptive on February 28 and experienced some bleeding shortly after, this could be a side effect of the medication. This bleeding is often referred to as "withdrawal bleeding" and can occur as your body reacts to the sudden influx of hormones.

Regarding your concern about whether you might be pregnant, it’s important to note that while ECPs are effective in preventing pregnancy when taken within the recommended time frame (ideally within 72 hours after unprotected intercourse), they are not 100% effective. If your period is significantly delayed beyond a week from the expected date, it is advisable to take a home pregnancy test for confirmation.
The breast tenderness you are experiencing can also be a symptom of hormonal fluctuations due to the ECPs, rather than an indication of pregnancy. Hormonal changes can lead to symptoms similar to premenstrual syndrome (PMS), including breast pain, mood swings, and bloating.

If your period does not arrive within a week of its expected date, or if you have any other concerning symptoms, it is best to consult with a healthcare provider. They can provide further evaluation and guidance, including a pregnancy test if necessary.

In summary, while ECPs can delay your period, the extent of the delay varies among individuals. If you are concerned about the possibility of pregnancy or if your symptoms persist, seeking medical advice is the best course of action. Remember that maintaining open communication with your healthcare provider about your menstrual cycle and any changes you experience is crucial for your reproductive health.

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