High Myopia and Floaters: What You Need to Know - Ophthalmology

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High myopia, also known as pathological myopia, is a condition where the eyeball is elongated, leading to a refractive error that requires a stronger prescription for correction. This condition can lead to various complications, including retinal detachment, macular degeneration, and the development of floaters. Floaters are small specks or clouds that drift through your field of vision, often more noticeable when looking at a plain background, such as a blue sky or a white wall.
In your case, experiencing floaters that seem to move towards the center of your vision after focusing on an object for an extended period is not uncommon among individuals with high myopia. These floaters are typically caused by changes in the vitreous gel that fills the eye, which can become more liquid and less gel-like as we age. This process can lead to the formation of clumps or strands that cast shadows on the retina, resulting in the perception of floaters.

Your ophthalmologist's reassurance that your macula and retina are in good condition is a positive sign. However, the mention of a "thin retina" is something to monitor closely. A thin retina can be more susceptible to tears or detachments, especially in the context of high myopia. Here are some important points to consider and actions you can take:
1. Regular Eye Exams: Continue to have regular check-ups with your ophthalmologist. They can monitor the health of your retina and macula, especially since you have high myopia. It's essential to catch any changes early.

2. Awareness of Symptoms: Be vigilant about any new symptoms. If you notice a sudden increase in floaters, flashes of light, or a shadow or curtain effect in your vision, seek immediate medical attention. These could be signs of retinal detachment, which is a medical emergency.

3. Protect Your Eyes: While there is no specific way to prevent floaters, protecting your eyes from UV light by wearing sunglasses and maintaining a healthy lifestyle can contribute to overall eye health. A diet rich in antioxidants (found in fruits and vegetables) may also support retinal health.

4. Manage Myopia Progression: If you are still in your teenage years or early adulthood, discuss with your eye care provider about options to manage myopia progression. Some treatments, such as orthokeratology (special contact lenses worn overnight) or atropine eye drops, may help slow down the elongation of the eyeball.

5. Stay Informed: Educate yourself about high myopia and its potential complications. Understanding your condition can help you make informed decisions about your eye care.

6. Lifestyle Adjustments: If you find that focusing on objects for extended periods exacerbates your symptoms, consider taking regular breaks. The 20-20-20 rule is a good practice: every 20 minutes, look at something 20 feet away for at least 20 seconds.

In summary, while floaters can be a common occurrence in individuals with high myopia, it is crucial to maintain regular follow-ups with your eye care professional and be aware of any changes in your vision. Your proactive approach to understanding your condition and seeking advice is commendable, and it will serve you well in managing your eye health.