Post-Pill Bleeding: Is It Your Period or Not? - Obstetrics and Gynecology

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Regarding bleeding after taking emergency contraception?


The last menstrual period was from March 21 to March 28.
On April 1, I had sexual intercourse, and the condom broke.
I took the emergency contraceptive pill (one tablet) within an hour, and I did not experience any vomiting or diarrhea.
Starting on April 9, I had some bleeding, which was light and less than my usual menstrual flow, accompanied by mixed secretions, and by April 14, the bleeding had almost stopped.
Should I consider this as my menstrual period for this month, or should I continue to calculate the dates based on my original cycle and wait for my next period? Thank you.

Kris, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2016/04/14

Dr. Zhang Kunmin reply Obstetrics and Gynecology


Hello, the effectiveness of emergency contraceptive pills taken within 72 hours after intercourse is approximately 97%, but it is not 100%, with a failure rate of about 3%.
Additionally, the impact of emergency contraceptive pills on menstruation can vary; it may not necessarily cause a period to come early or be delayed.
Vaginal bleeding does not always indicate menstruation; some individuals may mistake early pregnancy bleeding for a period.
It is not possible to determine pregnancy solely based on subjective symptoms.
Therefore, if you are uncertain whether your bleeding is a true menstrual period or if you are concerned that your symptoms may indicate pregnancy, it is advisable to consult a physician for ultrasound, urine, or blood tests to confirm whether or not you are pregnant.
Thank you! Wishing you peace and health, Dr.
Zhang.

Reply Date: 2016/04/14

More Info


When it comes to understanding post-pill bleeding, it’s essential to differentiate between withdrawal bleeding and a regular menstrual period. Based on your description, it appears that you experienced some bleeding after taking an emergency contraceptive pill (ECP) following a contraceptive failure (broken condom).
Emergency contraceptive pills, like the one you took, work primarily by delaying ovulation and preventing fertilization. They can also cause changes in your menstrual cycle. The bleeding you experienced from April 9 to April 14, which was lighter than your usual menstrual flow, is likely withdrawal bleeding. This type of bleeding can occur as your body reacts to the hormonal changes induced by the pill. It is not uncommon for this bleeding to be lighter and shorter in duration compared to a typical menstrual period.

To address your specific questions:
1. Is this bleeding considered your period?
The bleeding you experienced after taking the emergency contraceptive pill is generally classified as withdrawal bleeding rather than a true menstrual period. It is a response to the hormonal changes caused by the pill. Therefore, it does not replace your regular menstrual cycle.

2. Should you continue to calculate your menstrual cycle based on your original dates?
Yes, you should continue to track your menstrual cycle based on your usual schedule. Since the withdrawal bleeding does not equate to a full menstrual period, you should expect your next period to arrive according to your regular cycle, which may be affected by the hormonal changes from the emergency contraceptive. It’s important to note that after taking an ECP, your next period may come earlier, later, or be different in flow and duration than usual.

3. What if your next period is delayed?
If your next period does not arrive within a week or so of when you expect it, it would be advisable to take a pregnancy test to rule out pregnancy. Emergency contraceptive pills are effective, but no method is 100% foolproof. If you have any concerns about potential pregnancy or if your menstrual cycle continues to be irregular, consulting with a healthcare provider would be beneficial.

4. Other considerations:
Stress, changes in routine, and hormonal fluctuations can all impact your menstrual cycle. If you find that your cycles remain irregular or if you experience significant discomfort or other symptoms, it may be worth discussing these issues with a healthcare professional. They can provide guidance tailored to your specific situation and help determine if any further evaluation or treatment is necessary.

In summary, the bleeding you experienced after taking the emergency contraceptive pill is likely withdrawal bleeding and should not be considered your regular menstrual period. Continue to track your menstrual cycle as usual, and if you have concerns about pregnancy or irregular cycles, consider consulting a healthcare provider for further advice.

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