Can You Take Birth Control During Gastroenteritis? Risks and Considerations

Taking contraceptive pills during gastroenteritis?

Hello, I started taking the oral contraceptive pill (21-day pack, starting on the fifth day of my menstrual cycle) in March, and I have been taking it at the same time every day (11 PM) for two months now.
From April 9 to April 14, my menstrual flow was lighter.
On April 18, I experienced gastrointestinal symptoms, including vomiting and diarrhea, so I did not take the contraceptive pill that day and instead took it the next morning (April 19) at 8 AM.
On April 19, I still had mild diarrhea symptoms, and I visited the doctor at noon.
That night at 11 PM, I took the contraceptive pill as usual without thinking and took it together with the medication for my gastrointestinal issues.
On April 20, I had sexual intercourse with ejaculation inside, and that night at 11 PM, I again took the contraceptive pill along with the gastrointestinal medication.
By April 21, I no longer had any gastrointestinal symptoms.
I would like to know if there is a possibility of pregnancy in this situation and if I need to take emergency contraception.
Thank you.

dora, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2016/04/21

Dr. Cao Guotao reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Hello, you can start taking the contraceptive pill on the fifth day of your menstrual period.
It doesn't have to be taken at the exact same time, just around the same time each day is sufficient.
If you forget to take it one day, you should take it the next day.
As long as you take it regularly, it will be effective for contraception.
Wishing you good health!

Reply Date: 2016/04/21

More Info

When it comes to taking birth control pills during episodes of gastroenteritis, there are several factors to consider regarding effectiveness and potential risks. Gastroenteritis, which is characterized by symptoms such as vomiting and diarrhea, can impact the absorption of medications, including hormonal contraceptives.

Effectiveness of Birth Control Pills During Gastroenteritis
1. Absorption Issues: If you experience vomiting within two hours of taking your birth control pill, or if you have severe diarrhea, the effectiveness of the pill may be compromised. This is because the body may not have enough time to absorb the hormones before they are expelled. In your case, since you experienced vomiting and diarrhea on April 18, it is crucial to consider whether you vomited shortly after taking the pill that day.

2. Timing of Doses: You mentioned that you resumed taking your birth control pill the day after your gastroenteritis symptoms began. If you missed a dose or took it late due to your illness, this could also affect its effectiveness. However, since you took the pill consistently after the initial missed dose, you may still be protected, provided you did not experience significant gastrointestinal symptoms that would affect absorption.

3. Interactions with Gastroenteritis Medications: If you took any medications for gastroenteritis, such as anti-nausea or anti-diarrheal drugs, it’s important to check if they interact with your birth control pills. Most common medications do not affect hormonal contraceptives, but it’s always best to consult with your healthcare provider.

Risk of Pregnancy
Given that you had unprotected intercourse on April 20, it’s understandable to be concerned about the possibility of pregnancy. If you took your birth control pill consistently after the initial missed dose and did not experience significant vomiting or diarrhea that would affect absorption, the risk of pregnancy is likely low. However, if you are still concerned about the possibility of pregnancy, you may consider the following:
1. Emergency Contraception: If you are worried that the effectiveness of your birth control may have been compromised, you can consider taking emergency contraception (Plan B) within 72 hours of unprotected intercourse. This is especially relevant if you missed doses or experienced significant gastrointestinal symptoms.

2. Consulting a Healthcare Provider: It’s always a good idea to discuss your specific situation with a healthcare provider. They can provide personalized advice based on your medical history and the specifics of your gastroenteritis episode.

Conclusion
In summary, while taking birth control pills during gastroenteritis can be effective, it’s essential to consider factors like timing, absorption issues, and any medications taken for gastroenteritis. If you have concerns about potential pregnancy, consulting with a healthcare provider and considering emergency contraception may be prudent. Always prioritize open communication with your healthcare provider regarding any changes in your health or medication regimen to ensure optimal care and guidance.

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