Breast Lumps: Causes, Symptoms, and When to Seek Help

Q: Breast Lumps: Causes, Symptoms, and When to Seek Help

Dear Shan： It is likely caused by the proliferation of breast ducts stimulated by female hormones; observation is sufficient.

Breast lump

When breast development begins, there may be a small, movable lump in the center of the breast that can be slightly painful when pressed.
I previously visited a breast surgeon who said there was no issue, but recently, in addition to some enlargement of the breast, the lump has also slightly increased in size and is noticeably painful when pressed.
What could be the reason for this?

Shan, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2016/04/25

Dr. Zhou Jiazhen reply Breast and Thyroid

Dear Shan: It is likely caused by the proliferation of breast ducts stimulated by female hormones; observation is sufficient.

Reply Date: 2016/04/25

More Info

Breast lumps can be a source of concern for many individuals, especially when accompanied by symptoms such as pain or changes in size. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and when to seek medical help is crucial for maintaining breast health.

Causes of Breast Lumps
1. Hormonal Changes: One of the most common causes of breast lumps, especially in younger individuals, is hormonal fluctuations associated with the menstrual cycle. These changes can lead to conditions such as fibrocystic breast changes, where the breast tissue becomes lumpy or rope-like, often accompanied by tenderness.

2. Cysts: Breast cysts are fluid-filled sacs that can develop in the breast tissue. They can vary in size and may cause discomfort or pain, particularly if they become large or if they are located near sensitive areas of the breast.

3. Fibroadenomas: These are benign tumors made up of glandular and connective tissue. They are usually painless, movable, and can vary in size. However, they may sometimes cause discomfort, especially if they grow larger.

4. Infections or Inflammation: Conditions such as mastitis, which is an infection of the breast tissue, can lead to painful lumps. This is more common in breastfeeding women but can occur in others as well.

5. Breast Cancer: While the majority of breast lumps are benign, any new lump, especially one that is hard, immovable, or associated with other symptoms (such as changes in the skin or nipple discharge), should be evaluated by a healthcare professional to rule out breast cancer.

Symptoms to Monitor
- Pain or Tenderness: While many benign lumps may not cause pain, any new or worsening pain associated with a lump should be evaluated.

- Changes in Size or Shape: If a lump increases in size or if there are changes in the overall shape of the breast, this warrants further investigation.

- Nipple Discharge: Any unusual discharge from the nipple, especially if it is bloody or occurs without squeezing, should be assessed by a doctor.

- Skin Changes: Redness, swelling, or changes in texture of the skin over the breast can indicate an underlying issue that needs attention.

When to Seek Help
It is essential to seek medical advice if you notice any of the following:
- A new lump or change in an existing lump, especially if it is associated with pain.

- Changes in the breast or nipple that are unusual for you.

- Persistent pain in the breast that does not correlate with your menstrual cycle.

- Any discharge from the nipple that is not related to breastfeeding.

Given your description of a lump that has increased in size and is causing noticeable pain, it is advisable to consult with a healthcare professional, preferably a breast specialist. They may recommend imaging studies such as a breast ultrasound or mammogram to assess the lump further.

Conclusion
While many breast lumps are benign and related to hormonal changes, any significant changes in size, shape, or associated symptoms should not be ignored. Regular breast self-exams and awareness of your body are key to early detection of potential issues. If you have concerns about a lump or any changes in your breast tissue, do not hesitate to seek professional medical advice. Early evaluation and intervention can lead to better outcomes and peace of mind.

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