Tongue Ulcers: Causes and Concerns After Biting - Otolaryngology

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Tongue ulcers, particularly those resulting from accidental biting, are a common occurrence and can be quite painful. When you bite your tongue, the trauma can lead to the formation of an ulcer, which is essentially a sore that develops on the mucous membrane. In your case, the presence of a white spot on the side of your tongue, approximately 0.2 cm in size, with regular edges and pain upon contact with your teeth, is consistent with a traumatic ulcer.

Traumatic ulcers typically arise from mechanical injury, such as biting the tongue, and they can take several days to heal. The white appearance you observe is often due to a layer of dead tissue or fibrin that forms over the ulcer as part of the healing process. This is a normal part of the body's response to injury. The pain you experience when your teeth touch the ulcer is also typical, as the exposed nerve endings in the ulcerated area can be quite sensitive.

In most cases, these types of ulcers are benign and will heal on their own within a week or two. However, there are a few factors to consider:
1. Duration of Symptoms: If the ulcer persists beyond two weeks without signs of improvement, it is advisable to seek medical attention. Chronic ulcers can sometimes indicate underlying conditions that may require further investigation.

2. Signs of Infection: If you notice increased redness, swelling, or pus around the ulcer, or if you develop a fever, these could be signs of an infection, and you should consult a healthcare professional.

3. Underlying Conditions: While most tongue ulcers are due to trauma, other factors such as nutritional deficiencies (like vitamin B12, folate, or iron), stress, or systemic diseases (like autoimmune disorders) can also contribute to the development of ulcers. If you have a history of recurrent ulcers, it might be worth discussing these possibilities with your doctor.

4. Pain Management: To alleviate discomfort, you can use topical anesthetics available over the counter, such as benzocaine, which can numb the area temporarily. Additionally, avoiding spicy, acidic, or abrasive foods can help reduce irritation while the ulcer heals.

5. Oral Hygiene: Maintaining good oral hygiene is crucial. Rinse your mouth with a mild saltwater solution to help keep the area clean and promote healing. Avoiding alcohol-based mouthwashes is also advisable, as they can further irritate the ulcer.

In summary, the ulcer you are experiencing is likely a normal response to the trauma of biting your tongue. It should heal on its own, but if it persists beyond two weeks or if you notice any concerning symptoms, it would be wise to consult a healthcare professional for further evaluation. Remember, while self-care is important, listening to your body and seeking help when needed is equally crucial for your health.