Delayed Menstruation: Causes and Concerns for Women

Menstrual issues

Hello, Doctor.
I would like to ask about my delayed menstrual period.
My last two periods were on April 20 and May 22, with a cycle of 32 days.
However, I have not had my period since June.
On June 17, I had some minor sexual activity with my boyfriend; he used a condom and did not ejaculate, and my hymen is still intact.
He also masturbated twice, and after the first time, he cleaned himself with tissue and wet wipes, then washed his hands before inserting his fingers into my vagina.
After the second time, he seemed to have only used tissue to clean himself and did not wash his hands, but I am unsure how long it was before his fingers entered my vagina again.
According to my cycle, June 17 was during the safe period after my period ended on May 22.
Is there a possibility of pregnancy? I am worried that my missed period might be due to pregnancy.
Since June 22, I have been experiencing breast engorgement, and in the past few days, I have felt cramping in my lower abdomen, similar to premenstrual symptoms.
Is this a sign that my period is about to come? I am really concerned that there might be an underlying health issue causing my delayed menstruation.
I have been searching online for similar answers and wonder if hormonal imbalance could be the reason for my current situation.
Could you please provide me with a detailed explanation? Thank you very much.

Hi, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2016/07/02

Dr. Cao Guotao reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Hello, the chances of getting pregnant are low, but it is best to take preventive measures beforehand.
Do not rely on the safe period.
If your period does not arrive after waiting another week, it is advisable to see a gynecologist.
Wishing you good health.

Reply Date: 2016/07/02

More Info

Delayed menstruation can be a source of concern for many women, especially when it deviates from their regular cycle. In your case, you have experienced a delay in your menstrual cycle since May, with your last period starting on May 22 and lasting for seven days. You mentioned having a brief sexual encounter on June 17, during which you used protection, and there was no ejaculation inside. Additionally, you expressed concerns about potential pregnancy due to the nature of the encounter and the subsequent physical symptoms you have been experiencing, such as breast tenderness and abdominal discomfort.

Firstly, it is important to address the possibility of pregnancy. Given that you used a condom and there was no ejaculation inside, the likelihood of pregnancy is low. However, no contraceptive method is 100% effective, and factors such as the condom breaking or improper use could potentially lead to pregnancy. The fact that you have been experiencing breast tenderness and abdominal discomfort could be related to hormonal changes rather than pregnancy. These symptoms can occur due to various factors, including stress, hormonal fluctuations, or premenstrual syndrome (PMS).

Menstrual irregularities can be influenced by a variety of factors, including stress, changes in weight, exercise habits, and hormonal imbalances. Stress, in particular, can significantly impact the hypothalamus, which regulates the menstrual cycle. If you have been under increased stress or have experienced changes in your lifestyle, this could contribute to your delayed menstruation. Additionally, significant weight loss or gain can also disrupt your cycle.

You mentioned that you have been experiencing symptoms such as breast tenderness and a feeling of heaviness in your abdomen. These could be signs that your body is preparing for menstruation, but they can also indicate other conditions, such as hormonal imbalances or even conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). PCOS is a common condition that can cause irregular periods, weight gain, and other symptoms.

If your period does not arrive soon, it is advisable to take a home pregnancy test to rule out pregnancy. These tests are generally accurate when taken after a missed period. If the test is negative and your period still does not come, it would be wise to consult a healthcare provider. They can perform a thorough evaluation, which may include blood tests to check hormone levels and an ultrasound to assess your reproductive organs.

In summary, while the likelihood of pregnancy seems low given your precautions, there are several other factors that could explain your delayed menstruation. Stress, hormonal imbalances, and lifestyle changes can all play a role. If your period does not return soon or if you have any additional concerns, seeking medical advice is the best course of action. A healthcare provider can help identify the underlying cause and recommend appropriate treatment or lifestyle adjustments to help regulate your menstrual cycle.

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