Foreskin Issues: Hygiene, Normalcy, and Health Risks - Urology

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Understanding foreskin issues, including hygiene, normalcy, and potential health risks, is essential for maintaining genital health. Your concerns about smegma, the substance you described as "包皮垢," and its implications are valid and common among individuals with an intact foreskin.

Firstly, smegma is a natural substance composed of dead skin cells, oils, and moisture that can accumulate under the foreskin. It is normal for smegma to be present, especially if you have not undergone circumcision. Regular washing, as you mentioned, is crucial for hygiene. It is recommended to gently retract the foreskin during bathing to clean the area thoroughly. If you are doing this daily and maintaining good hygiene, the presence of smegma in small amounts is generally considered normal.

Regarding your observation about the exposure of the glans (the head of the penis), it is also normal for the glans to be partially covered by the foreskin when flaccid and to be more exposed during an erection. The degree of exposure can vary significantly among individuals and is influenced by factors such as the elasticity of the foreskin and the size of the penis. If you are not experiencing pain or discomfort, this is typically not a cause for concern.

Now, addressing your question about the potential link between smegma and penile cancer: while smegma itself does not directly cause cancer, poor hygiene and the accumulation of smegma can lead to conditions that may increase the risk of penile cancer. Chronic inflammation, irritation, and infections associated with smegma buildup can contribute to the development of precancerous lesions. Therefore, maintaining proper hygiene is essential to minimize these risks.
It is also worth noting that penile cancer is rare, and the majority of individuals with smegma or an intact foreskin do not develop cancer. However, if you notice any unusual changes, such as persistent irritation, sores, or changes in the skin of the penis, it is important to consult a healthcare professional for evaluation.

In summary, the presence of smegma in small amounts is normal, especially if you practice good hygiene. The exposure of the glans varies among individuals and is generally not a concern unless accompanied by discomfort. While smegma itself does not cause penile cancer, maintaining cleanliness is crucial to prevent potential complications. If you have further concerns or notice any changes, seeking advice from a healthcare provider is always a good step.