Arrhythmia or coronary artery obstruction?
I do not smoke, am not obese, and have no family history of hypertension.
However, over the past two to three years, my cholesterol levels have gradually increased beyond the normal range, and my blood pressure has also slightly exceeded normal values.
I do not experience noticeable shortness of breath while walking to work, and my breathing calms down quickly after climbing four flights of stairs to my office.
In the past year or two, I have been waking up earlier in the morning, often startled by a pounding heart.
Occasionally, I feel pain in the blood vessels of my left arm.
(Recently, I noticed that the artery on the inner side of my left upper arm, where blood pressure is typically measured, feels noticeably thicker and more tortuous compared to the same area on the right arm, resembling distended veins.) I consulted a doctor who reviewed my electrocardiogram and prescribed Inderal (the purple one), but no further tests like echocardiography were conducted, and I was told everything seemed fine.
At the beginning of this lunar new year, while sitting on the couch watching TV, I distinctly felt my heart pounding, and I experienced intermittent discomfort between my left chest and ribs.
My wife noticed that I unconsciously rubbed my ribcage while sleeping.
In mid-February, I visited a cardiology clinic for an echocardiogram and a 24-hour Holter monitor (my first time).
The doctor mentioned that my heart muscle is thicker than normal, possibly due to hypertension (though I have never had long-term hypertension, at least I believe I do not).
I then underwent a myocardial perfusion scan (one scan in the morning after the injection, without exercise or treadmill, and another scan after lunch).
The doctor indicated that there might be signs of myocardial ischemia, possibly due to coronary artery blockage or thickened myocardium, and recommended a cardiac catheterization or a CT scan.
I was concerned about the invasiveness of the catheterization and asked for the doctor's opinion; he suggested the CT scan, which has an accuracy of up to 95%, so I opted to pay out of pocket for the scan.
(However, the doctor seemed to prefer the catheterization.) Later, I realized that the CT scan might be more harmful to the body.
The scan report indicated that the arterial blockage rate was <25%, suggesting no blockage, but the doctor still mentioned the possibility of coronary artery obstruction.
Previously, I took one tablet each of (1) cholesterol-lowering medication (Toren) and (2) heart medication (Concor) before bed.
However, I once felt as if my heart was relaxing too much and nearly stopping during a weekend night (it should not have been blocked), which made me uncomfortable enough to consider going to the emergency room.
(I still occasionally experience similar discomfort, and when I check my blood pressure and heart rate during these episodes, my heart rate is below 60, though not excessively low.
Could this be a side effect of the medication? Sometimes I feel a tightness in my throat, as if I have phlegm that I cannot cough up; could this also be a side effect?) The doctor suggested that I might be more sensitive to the medication and noted that my cholesterol had significantly decreased, so he reduced the dosage to half a tablet.
Concerned about potential issues at night, I changed my medication schedule to after lunch each day.
At the end of July, the doctor arranged for another echocardiogram and a second 24-hour Holter monitor.
He mentioned that I have mild arrhythmia (why was this not detected the first time?), and advised me to continue taking the medication, with a follow-up appointment in mid-October.
Now, I feel like I am back to square one; my discomfort has not improved and is no different from before my visit at the beginning of the year.
I am worried that the doctor has not identified the true underlying cause of my condition.
What should I do? (1) Continue taking the medication (I still experience a fast heart rate in the morning, discomfort between my ribs, and episodes where it feels like my heart is about to stop, although the frequency has decreased and the intensity is less severe), and wait to discuss this with the doctor in October, or (2) obtain my medical records and seek a second opinion from another hospital? (3) During this period of medication, I have lost about 5 kilograms; is this normal? Should I see a pulmonologist for the phlegm that I cannot cough up?
Fei, 50~59 year old female. Ask Date: 2016/08/08
Dr. He Dongjin reply Cardiology
Hello,
1.
The scan report indicates an arterial blockage rate of less than 25%, which suggests there is likely no blockage; however, the doctor mentioned that there is still a possibility of coronary artery obstruction.
While nothing is ever 100% certain, the probability of coronary artery blockage is indeed low.
2.
A CT scan seems to be more harmful to the body? Not necessarily, so try not to overthink it.
3.
There is a slight arrhythmia (why was it not detected the first time?).
A 24-hour Holter monitor can only capture changes over that specific period; the heart rhythm during the first 24 hours may not be the same as during the second 24 hours, which is why it was not detected initially.
4.
It is advised to continue taking the medication.
(In the morning, there is a rapid heartbeat, and there is occasional discomfort between the ribs, along with sensations that feel like the heart is about to stop, but the frequency has decreased and the intensity is not as strong.) It is recommended to discuss this with the doctor in October.
5.
Taking this medication should not lead to weight loss; you may consider consulting a metabolic specialist.
If you have difficulty expelling phlegm, you should see a pulmonologist.
Take care from Changhua Hospital.
Reply Date: 2016/08/08
More Info
Understanding the complexities of arrhythmias and coronary artery blockage can be a daunting journey for many patients. Your experience reflects a common scenario where patients face a myriad of symptoms and diagnostic tests, leading to confusion and concern about their heart health.
From your description, it appears that you have been experiencing a range of symptoms, including palpitations, discomfort in the chest area, and changes in your blood pressure and heart rate. The fact that you do not smoke, are not obese, and have no family history of hypertension is a positive aspect, but it does not entirely eliminate the risk factors associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) and arrhythmias.
Your elevated cholesterol levels and slightly elevated blood pressure are concerning, as they can contribute to the development of atherosclerosis, which is the buildup of plaques in the arteries. This condition can lead to coronary artery blockage, which may explain the symptoms of chest discomfort and the feeling of your heart racing or "almost stopping." The thickening of the heart muscle (hypertrophy) that your doctor noted could be a response to high blood pressure, which can further complicate your heart's function.
The tests you underwent, including echocardiograms and 24-hour Holter monitoring, are essential in assessing your heart's structure and rhythm. The fact that your echocardiogram showed a thicker heart muscle and that you experienced some arrhythmias suggests that your heart is under stress, possibly due to the elevated blood pressure or other underlying issues. The Holter monitor's findings of occasional arrhythmias, while concerning, are not uncommon and can occur in many individuals without significant heart disease.
Your decision to undergo a coronary CT scan instead of an invasive coronary angiogram is understandable, especially given your concerns about the risks associated with invasive procedures. The CT scan results indicating less than 25% blockage are reassuring, but as your doctor mentioned, it does not completely rule out the possibility of significant coronary artery disease, especially if there are other risk factors at play.
Regarding your medication, it is crucial to follow your doctor's advice while also being vigilant about how you feel. The side effects you mentioned, such as a low heart rate and feelings of tightness in your throat, could be related to the medications you are taking. Inderal (propranolol) is a beta-blocker that can lower heart rate and blood pressure, and it is not uncommon for patients to experience variations in their heart rate as their body adjusts to the medication. If you feel that the side effects are impacting your quality of life, it is essential to communicate this with your healthcare provider.
As for your weight loss, this could be a result of various factors, including dietary changes, increased physical activity, or even stress. If you are experiencing persistent symptoms that do not improve, seeking a second opinion from another cardiologist may provide you with additional insights and options for management. It is always beneficial to have a comprehensive understanding of your health, especially when dealing with complex conditions like arrhythmias and potential coronary artery disease.
Lastly, if you are experiencing persistent respiratory symptoms, such as difficulty clearing phlegm, it may be worthwhile to consult a pulmonologist. They can evaluate whether there are any underlying respiratory conditions that need to be addressed.
In summary, continue to monitor your symptoms, adhere to your medication regimen, and maintain open communication with your healthcare team. If your symptoms persist or worsen, do not hesitate to seek further evaluation or a second opinion. Your health is paramount, and being proactive in your care is essential.
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