Tongue Bumps: Causes and When to Seek ENT Help - Otolaryngology

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When it comes to bumps or lesions on the tongue, there are several potential causes, and understanding these can help determine when to seek medical attention. Based on your description of a bump that resembles a blister or a growth on the tip of your tongue, which is not painful but occasionally bleeds when bitten, there are a few possibilities to consider.

1. Frictional Keratosis: This is a benign condition that occurs due to chronic irritation or trauma to the tongue, often from biting or rubbing against teeth. The bump may appear white or flesh-colored and is usually not painful unless aggravated.

2. Mucocele: This is a cyst-like lesion that can occur on the tongue or other areas of the oral cavity. It is typically caused by the blockage of a salivary gland duct and can appear as a fluid-filled bump. Mucoceles are usually painless but can bleed if traumatized.

3. Fibroma: This is a benign tumor that can develop in response to irritation or trauma. It is firm and may appear as a smooth bump on the tongue. Fibromas are generally painless but can become problematic if they are frequently bitten or irritated.

4. Oral Candidiasis: Also known as thrush, this fungal infection can cause white patches or bumps on the tongue. It may not always be painful, but it can lead to discomfort and bleeding if the lesions are scraped or bitten.

5. Papilloma: These are benign growths caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). They can appear as small, cauliflower-like bumps on the tongue and are usually painless.

6. Oral Lichen Planus: This is a chronic inflammatory condition that can cause white patches or bumps in the mouth, including the tongue. It may be associated with discomfort and can bleed if irritated.

7. Cancerous Lesions: While less common, it is important to consider the possibility of oral cancer, especially if the bump persists for more than two weeks, changes in appearance, or is associated with other symptoms such as pain, difficulty swallowing, or unexplained weight loss.

Given that your bump has been present for about five months without significant changes, it is advisable to seek medical attention. The best course of action would be to consult an Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) specialist or a dentist who specializes in oral health. They can perform a thorough examination, possibly including imaging or a biopsy if necessary, to determine the exact nature of the bump.

In summary, while many tongue bumps are benign and may not require immediate treatment, any persistent lesion, especially one that bleeds or causes discomfort, should be evaluated by a healthcare professional. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent complications and ensure proper management of any underlying conditions.