Constipation: Causes, Symptoms, and Solutions

Prone to constipation?

Hello, doctor.
I have had a history of constipation, usually having a bowel movement every two to three days.
However, my most recent bowel movement was after four to five days, and it was only a small amount.
In the following days, I have only been able to pass some hard pellets, and after each bowel movement, I feel like there is still something left in my abdomen.
I have spent a considerable amount of time on the toilet but have been unable to relieve myself.
This has been the case for the entire week, and now I am experiencing some itching around the anal area.
Is this normal?

Fang Fang, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2016/09/30

Dr. Ke Fangxu reply Surgery

Constipation can indeed lead to these situations.
Young women are generally advised to increase their intake of dietary fiber and maintain a good lifestyle routine.
If these measures are ineffective, a physician may prescribe a stool softener.
In addition to medication for anal itching, there are three important considerations: 1.
Do not scratch to avoid causing an infection in the wound.
2.
Temporarily avoid spicy foods to prevent capsaicin from irritating the skin.
3.
Avoid using soap or body wash to clean the anal area to prevent excessive removal of the skin's natural oils.
If these points are followed, improvement can typically be seen within about a week.

Reply Date: 2016/09/30

More Info

Constipation is a common gastrointestinal issue that can significantly affect one's quality of life. It is characterized by infrequent bowel movements, difficulty passing stools, or the sensation of incomplete evacuation. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and potential solutions for constipation can help individuals manage this condition effectively.

Causes of Constipation
1. Dietary Factors: A diet low in fiber is one of the primary causes of constipation. Fiber helps to bulk up the stool and promotes regular bowel movements. Insufficient fluid intake can also lead to hard, dry stools that are difficult to pass.

2. Lifestyle Choices: Sedentary lifestyles, lack of physical activity, and ignoring the urge to have a bowel movement can contribute to constipation. Regular exercise stimulates intestinal function and can help prevent constipation.

3. Medications: Certain medications, including opioids, antacids containing aluminum, and some antidepressants, can cause constipation as a side effect. If you have recently started a new medication, it may be worth discussing with your healthcare provider.

4. Medical Conditions: Various medical conditions can lead to constipation, including hypothyroidism, diabetes, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and neurological disorders that affect the nerves in the intestines.

5. Psychological Factors: Stress, anxiety, and depression can impact bowel habits. The gut-brain connection is significant, and emotional well-being plays a role in digestive health.

Symptoms of Constipation
The symptoms of constipation can vary but typically include:
- Infrequent bowel movements (fewer than three times a week)
- Difficulty passing stools
- Hard or lumpy stools
- Abdominal discomfort or bloating
- A feeling of incomplete evacuation after a bowel movement
- Rectal discomfort or itching, which can occur due to straining or irritation from hard stools.

Solutions for Constipation
1. Dietary Changes: Increasing fiber intake is crucial. Foods high in fiber include fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes. Aim for at least 25-30 grams of fiber per day. Additionally, ensure adequate hydration by drinking plenty of water throughout the day.

2. Regular Exercise: Engaging in regular physical activity can help stimulate bowel movements. Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate exercise most days of the week.

3. Establish a Routine: Try to set a regular time each day for bowel movements, especially after meals when the digestive system is most active. This can help train your body to have regular bowel movements.

4. Over-the-Counter Remedies: If dietary and lifestyle changes are not effective, over-the-counter laxatives may provide relief. Options include fiber supplements, osmotic laxatives (like polyethylene glycol), and stimulant laxatives. However, these should be used sparingly and not as a long-term solution without consulting a healthcare provider.

5. Consult a Healthcare Provider: If constipation persists despite making lifestyle changes, or if you experience severe abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, or unexplained weight loss, it is essential to seek medical advice. A healthcare provider can evaluate for underlying conditions and recommend appropriate treatment options.

Conclusion
In your case, experiencing infrequent bowel movements, hard stools, and a sensation of incomplete evacuation can be distressing. The itching around the anal area may indicate irritation from hard stools or straining. It is advisable to increase your fiber intake, stay hydrated, and consider gentle physical activity to promote bowel regularity. If symptoms persist or worsen, please consult a healthcare professional for a thorough evaluation and tailored treatment plan. Remember, addressing constipation early can prevent complications and improve your overall digestive health.

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