Male Pattern Baldness: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments

Hair loss

What is the definition of male pattern baldness? I'm still relatively young, but I've been experiencing hair loss since around the age of 20.
In my teenage years, I had dandruff on my scalp, but now I no longer have it.
My hair loss is starting from the forehead to the crown, and my scalp is very oily; it becomes greasy just 20 minutes after showering.
My father is also bald, so there may be a genetic factor involved.
I am considering trying Minoxidil; what is your advice, doctor?

Mr. Lin, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2000/11/15

Dr. Zheng Lizhen reply Dermatology

Male pattern baldness is a phenomenon where hair gradually becomes sparse under the influence of male hormones.
The concentration of male hormones in the body is normal, but the hair follicles are more sensitive to these hormones.
Patients initially notice that their hair becomes finer, and the hairline on the sides begins to recede.
This condition can occur from the teenage years to the forties, with an average onset age of around thirty, and it often has a family history.
The clinical efficacy of Minoxidil is indeed quite good; noticeable hair regrowth typically requires 6 to 8 months of continuous use, with one tablet taken daily, which is relatively convenient.
If Mr.
Lin feels that male pattern baldness is affecting his social life, it may be time to visit a dermatologist.

Reply Date: 2000/11/15

More Info

Male pattern baldness, also known as androgenetic alopecia, is a common form of hair loss that affects men and can begin as early as the late teens or early twenties. It is characterized by a gradual thinning of hair on the scalp, typically starting at the temples and crown, leading to a receding hairline and bald spots. The condition is primarily influenced by genetic factors and hormonal changes, particularly the effects of dihydrotestosterone (DHT), a derivative of testosterone that shrinks hair follicles and shortens the hair growth cycle.

Causes of Male Pattern Baldness
1. Genetics: A family history of baldness can increase the likelihood of experiencing hair loss. If your father or other male relatives have experienced baldness, you may be genetically predisposed to it.

2. Hormones: DHT plays a significant role in male pattern baldness. Men with a sensitivity to DHT may experience hair loss as the hormone binds to receptors in hair follicles, causing them to shrink and produce thinner hair over time.

3. Age: As men age, the likelihood of experiencing hair loss increases. By the age of 50, approximately 50% of men will experience some degree of hair loss.

4. Health Factors: Conditions such as thyroid disorders, anemia, and certain autoimmune diseases can also contribute to hair loss. Additionally, lifestyle factors such as stress, poor diet, and lack of exercise can exacerbate the condition.

Symptoms
The primary symptom of male pattern baldness is hair thinning and loss, which typically follows a predictable pattern:
- Receding Hairline: The hairline gradually moves back from the forehead.

- Thinning Crown: Hair becomes thinner on the crown of the head, often leading to bald spots.

- Overall Hair Thinning: Eventually, hair may thin out across the entire scalp.

Treatments
1. Minoxidil (Rogaine): An over-the-counter topical treatment that can help stimulate hair growth and slow down hair loss. It is applied directly to the scalp and is most effective in the early stages of hair loss.

2. Finasteride (Propecia): A prescription oral medication that reduces DHT levels in the body, which can help prevent further hair loss and promote regrowth. It is important to discuss potential side effects with a healthcare provider.

3. Hair Transplant Surgery: For those with significant hair loss, surgical options such as follicular unit transplantation (FUT) or follicular unit extraction (FUE) can provide a more permanent solution by relocating hair follicles from areas of the scalp with healthy hair to balding areas.

4. Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT): This non-invasive treatment uses laser light to stimulate hair follicles and promote hair growth. It can be used in conjunction with other treatments.

5. Lifestyle Changes: Maintaining a healthy diet, managing stress, and avoiding harsh hair treatments can help improve overall hair health.

Recommendations
Given your situation, where you have noticed hair loss since your early twenties and have a family history of baldness, it may be beneficial to consult with a dermatologist or a trichologist. They can provide a thorough examination of your scalp and hair, assess the extent of hair loss, and recommend appropriate treatment options tailored to your needs.

If you are considering using products like "柔沛" (Rogaine), it is advisable to start with a lower concentration to see how your scalp reacts. Additionally, maintaining a balanced diet rich in vitamins and minerals, particularly those known to support hair health (such as biotin, zinc, and vitamins A and E), can also be beneficial.

In conclusion, while male pattern baldness is a common condition influenced by genetics and hormones, various treatment options are available. Early intervention can often yield better results, so seeking professional advice is a prudent step in managing your hair loss.

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