Oral Gonorrhea: Testing Methods and Timing Explained

Q: Oral Gonorrhea: Testing Methods and Timing Explained

Hello： 1) Gonococcal DNA testing can only be used as a reference (it may still be positive even if cured), so for a definitive diagnosis, it is best to visit a urology department at a hospital. <br>2) If you indeed have gonorrhea, there is a possibility of transmitting gonococcal

The testing methods and timing for oral gonorrhea?

Hello Doctor, I am a male and I have been unable to find a complete answer after searching online multiple times, so I am reaching out for your advice.
I engaged in high-risk sexual behavior on September 18, and I underwent a full sexually transmitted infection (STI) screening on December 19.
The DNA test for gonorrhea showed a positive reaction.
The lab technician recommended that I take medication for a week and follow up afterward.

1.
However, I have not engaged in any sexual activity for the past three months and have not experienced any symptoms until I discovered the infection through self-testing.
I found online that most people show symptoms a few days after sexual activity.
Is it possible for someone like me to have no symptoms for three months?
2.
I started dating a new girlfriend in December, but we have not engaged in sexual intercourse; she has only performed oral sex on me.
Is there a chance that she could be infected? If she wants to get tested, considering that there was only oral sex and no genital contact, what type of testing should she undergo? How many days after oral sex should she wait to get an accurate test result? Thank you.

John, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2016/12/23

Dr. Du Shixi reply Urology

Hello: 1) Gonococcal DNA testing can only be used as a reference (it may still be positive even if cured), so for a definitive diagnosis, it is best to visit a urology department at a hospital.
2) If you indeed have gonorrhea, there is a possibility of transmitting gonococcal pharyngitis through oral sex (with an incubation period of about 2-7 days).
A diagnosis should be explained by a physician (according to the Infectious Diseases Society).
Gonococcal pharyngitis may present with congestion, redness, and edema in the throat, scattered vesicles on the surface, hoarseness, and inflammatory secretions.
2) Gonococcal stomatitis may involve congestion of the mucosa in the lips, cheeks, tongue, gums, and floor of the mouth, with erythema that can appear as bright red mucosal surfaces, and may also present with ulcers measuring 2-3 cm in diameter, covered with yellowish-white pseudomembranes.
Generally, an ENT specialist will first be consulted to determine whether it is a common illness or a sexually transmitted infection.

Reply Date: 2016/12/23

More Info

Understanding oral gonorrhea and its implications is crucial, especially in the context of sexual health. Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae, which can infect various mucous membranes, including those in the throat, urethra, and rectum. Here, I will address your questions and provide additional insights into testing methods and timing.

1. Asymptomatic Gonorrhea: It is indeed possible to be infected with gonorrhea and remain asymptomatic for an extended period, including three months. Many individuals with gonorrhea do not exhibit symptoms, particularly in cases of oral gonorrhea. Symptoms, when they do occur, can include a sore throat, difficulty swallowing, or swollen lymph nodes, but these may not manifest until weeks or even months after exposure. The absence of symptoms does not mean that the infection is not present; it can still lead to complications if left untreated. Therefore, regular screening is essential, especially after potential exposure.

2. Risk of Transmission to Partners: Regarding your new girlfriend, oral sex can indeed transmit gonorrhea. If you have an oral gonorrhea infection, there is a risk of transmission to her, even if there has been no vaginal or anal intercourse. The bacteria can be present in the throat and can be passed during oral sex. If she is concerned about potential infection, she should get tested.
For testing, if she has only engaged in oral sex, the recommended method would be a throat swab to check for gonorrhea. This is because the bacteria can colonize the throat, and a urine test would not be effective in detecting an oral infection. The timing for testing after potential exposure can vary; however, it is generally recommended to wait at least 1-2 weeks after the last potential exposure for more accurate results. This allows enough time for the infection to develop to detectable levels.

3. Testing Methods: The DNA test you underwent is a highly sensitive method for detecting gonorrhea. Other testing methods include nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs), which are also very effective. For oral gonorrhea, a throat swab is the preferred method, as mentioned earlier. If your girlfriend decides to get tested, she should consult with a healthcare provider to determine the most appropriate testing method based on her sexual history and any symptoms she may have.

4. Follow-Up and Treatment: Since you have already been diagnosed and are undergoing treatment, it is essential to complete the prescribed course of antibiotics. After treatment, a follow-up test is usually recommended to ensure that the infection has been cleared. This is particularly important because untreated gonorrhea can lead to serious health complications, including pelvic inflammatory disease in women and increased risk of HIV transmission.

In summary, asymptomatic gonorrhea is common, and oral sex can transmit the infection. Your girlfriend should consider getting tested with a throat swab if she is concerned about potential exposure. Regular STI screenings are crucial for sexually active individuals, especially after new partners or potential exposure. Always consult with a healthcare provider for personalized advice and treatment options.

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