Nail Splitting: Causes, Treatments, and Resources

Nail splitting

Hello Doctor,
Current condition: There is a crack from the nail bed to the nail plate that divides the entire nail into two halves, with the left half and right half having an area ratio of approximately 1:2.
Additionally, there is a height difference between the left and right halves at the crack (the right side is higher than the left).
The nail has consistently grown this way for a long time without improvement, and there is minimal pain.
After consultation, I was informed that this is due to trauma that has affected the nail matrix.
Even if the entire nail is removed, it would not help.
I was advised to consider acrylic nails—however, I cannot find relevant information about the nail matrix.
Could you please provide related online resources or search directions for better understanding? Thank you.

imfe, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2017/01/06

Dr. Wu Yuxin reply Dermatology

Without actually seeing the lesion, it is impossible to make a definitive diagnosis.
If it is causing significant distress, please seek medical attention promptly.

Reply Date: 2017/01/06

More Info

Nail splitting, also known as onychoschizia, can be a frustrating condition that affects many individuals. It is characterized by the splitting or peeling of the nail, often leading to discomfort and aesthetic concerns. Understanding the causes, treatments, and available resources can help manage this condition effectively.

Causes of Nail Splitting
Nail splitting can occur due to a variety of factors:
1. Trauma or Injury: As you mentioned, trauma to the nail matrix (the area where the nail grows) can lead to splitting. This can be from direct injury, repetitive stress, or even improper nail care.

2. Nutritional Deficiencies: Lack of essential nutrients, particularly biotin, zinc, and protein, can weaken nails, making them more prone to splitting.

3. Environmental Factors: Exposure to harsh chemicals, frequent hand washing, or dry conditions can strip the nails of natural oils, leading to brittleness.

4. Underlying Health Conditions: Conditions such as psoriasis, eczema, or fungal infections can also cause nail splitting. Additionally, systemic diseases like thyroid disorders may contribute to nail health issues.

5. Genetics: Some individuals may have a genetic predisposition to weaker nails, making them more susceptible to splitting.

Treatments for Nail Splitting
While your doctor has indicated that the damage to the nail matrix is significant, there are still several approaches you can consider:
1. Moisturization: Regularly applying a moisturizing cream or oil to your nails and cuticles can help maintain hydration and flexibility, reducing the risk of splitting.

2. Nutritional Support: Consider incorporating a balanced diet rich in vitamins and minerals that support nail health. Supplements containing biotin and other essential nutrients may also be beneficial.

3. Gentle Nail Care: Avoid aggressive nail treatments, such as harsh manicures or excessive filing. Use a gentle nail file and avoid cutting the cuticles, as this can lead to further damage.

4. Protective Coatings: Applying a clear nail strengthener or protective polish can provide a barrier against environmental damage and help reinforce the nail structure.

5. Professional Treatments: If the condition persists, consulting a dermatologist or a nail specialist may provide additional options. They may recommend treatments such as topical medications or even procedures to improve nail health.

Resources for Further Information
To find more information about nail health and treatment options, consider the following resources:
1. American Academy of Dermatology (AAD): Their website offers a wealth of information on nail disorders, including causes, treatments, and preventive measures.

2. National Institutes of Health (NIH): The NIH provides research articles and studies related to nail health, which can be useful for understanding the underlying issues.

3. Dermatology Clinics: Many dermatology clinics have patient education materials available online that cover various nail conditions, including splitting and other abnormalities.

4. Books and Journals: Look for dermatology textbooks or journals that focus on nail health. These can provide in-depth information about the anatomy of nails, common disorders, and treatment options.

5. Online Forums and Support Groups: Engaging with communities on platforms like Reddit or specialized health forums can provide personal experiences and tips from others dealing with similar issues.

Conclusion
While it can be disheartening to deal with nail splitting, understanding the causes and exploring treatment options can help you manage the condition more effectively. Since your doctor has suggested that the nail matrix has been affected, it may take time for the nail to heal and grow out properly. In the meantime, focusing on nail care and nutrition can support overall nail health. If you have further concerns or if the condition worsens, seeking a second opinion from a specialist may provide additional insights and treatment options.

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