Rectal Bleeding: Causes, Symptoms, and Solutions

Rectal bleeding

Two weeks ago, I visited a doctor who prescribed me medication for softening my stools and some suppositories.
I improved, but a few days ago, I started experiencing constipation again.
I notice blood when I have a bowel movement, and there is pain in my anus.
The blood is bright red but also has some dark red mixed in, and there is a sticky sensation.
What should I do? I drink alcohol, eat very few fruits, and sometimes even when I eat fruits, I still have trouble going to the bathroom.
I rely on laxatives to help with bowel movements.

Xiao Xin, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2017/03/18

Dr. Ke Fangxu reply Surgery

This situation likely indicates a higher possibility of hemorrhoidal bleeding.
As long as there is no further bleeding, it should not be a concern.
It is recommended to avoid constipation during this period and to shorten the time spent on bowel movements.
Warm sitz baths may also help alleviate symptoms.
You can purchase hemorrhoid suppositories at the pharmacy, but it is best to avoid taking laxatives with unknown ingredients.
It is illegal and harmful for minors to consume alcohol, which can also lead to swelling and bleeding of hemorrhoids.
If the bleeding persists without improvement, it is advisable to consult a physician for evaluation.

Reply Date: 2017/03/18

More Info

Rectal bleeding can be a concerning symptom, and understanding its causes, symptoms, and potential solutions is crucial for managing your health effectively. Based on your description, it seems you are experiencing a combination of constipation, rectal bleeding, and pain during bowel movements. These symptoms can often be attributed to conditions such as hemorrhoids, anal fissures, or other gastrointestinal issues.

Causes of Rectal Bleeding
1. Hemorrhoids: These are swollen veins in the lower rectum or anus that can cause bleeding, especially during bowel movements. They can be internal (inside the rectum) or external (under the skin around the anus). Symptoms include bright red blood on toilet paper or in the toilet bowl.

2. Anal Fissures: These are small tears in the lining of the anus, often caused by passing hard stools. They can lead to sharp pain during bowel movements and may also result in bleeding.

3. Diverticular Disease: This condition involves the formation of small pouches in the colon wall, which can become inflamed or infected, leading to bleeding.

4. Gastrointestinal Conditions: Other conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), colorectal polyps, or even colorectal cancer can cause rectal bleeding, although these are less common in younger individuals.

5. Dietary Factors: A diet low in fiber can lead to constipation, which in turn can cause straining during bowel movements, increasing the risk of hemorrhoids and fissures.

Symptoms to Monitor
- Color of Blood: Bright red blood usually indicates bleeding from the lower gastrointestinal tract, while dark red or maroon blood may suggest bleeding from higher up in the digestive tract.

- Consistency of Stool: Hard, dry stools can exacerbate bleeding and pain.

- Pain Level: Severe pain during bowel movements may indicate an anal fissure.

- Associated Symptoms: Look out for other symptoms such as abdominal pain, changes in bowel habits, or unexplained weight loss, which warrant immediate medical attention.

Solutions and Management
1. Dietary Changes: Increasing your fiber intake is crucial. Aim for a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes. This can help soften stools and promote regular bowel movements. If you find it difficult to consume enough fiber, consider fiber supplements.

2. Hydration: Drink plenty of water throughout the day. Staying hydrated can help prevent constipation.

3. Over-the-Counter Remedies: Stool softeners or mild laxatives can be helpful in managing constipation. However, these should be used sparingly and not as a long-term solution.

4. Topical Treatments: Over-the-counter creams or ointments for hemorrhoids can provide relief from pain and discomfort.

5. Warm Baths: Soaking in a warm bath can help soothe anal pain and promote relaxation of the anal sphincter.

6. Avoid Straining: When using the bathroom, try to relax and avoid straining, as this can worsen hemorrhoids and fissures.

7. Regular Exercise: Incorporating regular physical activity can help stimulate bowel function and reduce constipation.

8. Consult a Specialist: If your symptoms persist or worsen, it is essential to consult a gastroenterologist or a colorectal surgeon. They can perform a thorough evaluation, which may include a physical examination, and possibly a colonoscopy, to rule out more serious conditions.

Conclusion
While rectal bleeding can be alarming, many cases are due to benign conditions that can be managed with lifestyle changes and proper care. However, it is essential to pay attention to your body and seek medical advice if symptoms persist or if you experience significant changes in your health. Taking proactive steps to improve your diet, hydration, and overall bowel health can significantly reduce the risk of recurrence and improve your quality of life.

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