Irregular Heartbeats: Causes and Solutions for Mitral Valve Prolapse

Recently, I have been experiencing irregular heartbeats?

Hello, doctor.
I have previously been diagnosed with mitral valve prolapse in the cardiology department.
My resting heart rate usually stays above 105 beats per minute, and I often experience rapid heartbeats and irregular breathing.
This has been ongoing for 4-5 years.
Recently, within the last two weeks, I have been experiencing sudden, forceful heartbeats while sitting at work or writing at home, which feels like a strong thump in my chest.
This also occurs when I am standing or working.
Following these episodes, I feel a sensation of weakness and numbness spreading from my heart to my limbs, and the occurrences have become frequent, about 3-4 times an hour.
Sometimes, when I suddenly turn my head, I feel dizzy, and the surroundings seem to spin.
In the mornings, when I get out of bed, my legs sometimes feel weak, causing me to sit down on the floor.
My sleeping position is normal, and I am not putting pressure on my legs.
I have never experienced this before.
I am unsure if this is solely related to my mitral valve condition.
If it is, what kind of training or management can help? Thank you for your assistance!

Miu, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2017/03/19

Dr. Li Han reply Cardiology

Hello, regarding your inquiry about being previously diagnosed with mitral valve prolapse and recently experiencing irregular heartbeats, palpitations, shortness of breath, sudden sensations in the chest, dizziness when turning your head, and intermittent numbness and weakness radiating from the chest to your limbs, I understand your concerns.
However, the risk of serious heart disease may be low, and it is difficult to provide a concise explanation.
I recommend consulting a trusted family physician first to evaluate your symptoms and determine if a referral is necessary.
The Ministry of Health and Welfare Changhua Hospital cares about your well-being.

Reply Date: 2017/03/19

More Info

Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is a condition where the mitral valve, which separates the left atrium from the left ventricle, does not close properly. This can lead to mitral regurgitation, where blood leaks backward into the atrium. MVP is often benign, but it can be associated with irregular heartbeats (arrhythmias) and other symptoms, particularly when it is accompanied by significant regurgitation.

Causes of Irregular Heartbeats in Mitral Valve Prolapse
1. Structural Changes: The abnormal structure of the mitral valve can lead to changes in the heart's electrical conduction system, resulting in arrhythmias. The stretching of the valve leaflets can irritate the surrounding heart tissue, leading to ectopic beats or palpitations.

2. Autonomic Nervous System: MVP can be associated with increased sympathetic nervous system activity, which can lead to heightened heart rate and palpitations. Stress and anxiety can exacerbate these symptoms.

3. Electrolyte Imbalances: Low levels of potassium, magnesium, or calcium can contribute to arrhythmias. Individuals with MVP may be more sensitive to these imbalances.

4. Hormonal Factors: Fluctuations in hormones, particularly during menstruation or pregnancy, can influence heart rhythm and exacerbate symptoms.

Solutions and Management Strategies
1. Lifestyle Modifications: Regular exercise, a balanced diet, and adequate hydration can help manage symptoms. Avoiding stimulants such as caffeine and nicotine is also advisable, as they can trigger palpitations.

2. Stress Management: Techniques such as yoga, meditation, and deep-breathing exercises can help reduce anxiety and stress, which may alleviate symptoms related to MVP.

3. Medication: If symptoms are severe or frequent, medications such as beta-blockers may be prescribed to help regulate heart rate and reduce palpitations. In some cases, anti-anxiety medications may also be beneficial.

4. Monitoring and Follow-Up: Regular follow-up with a cardiologist is essential to monitor the progression of MVP and any associated regurgitation. An echocardiogram can help assess the severity of the condition and guide treatment decisions.

5. Education and Awareness: Understanding the condition and recognizing symptoms can empower patients to seek timely medical advice. Keeping a symptom diary can help identify triggers and patterns related to irregular heartbeats.

When to Seek Medical Attention
Given your recent symptoms of increased heart rate, palpitations, and dizziness, it is crucial to consult your healthcare provider. These symptoms could indicate a need for further evaluation, such as:
- Holter Monitor: This device records your heart's rhythm over 24-48 hours to identify any irregularities.

- Echocardiogram: To assess the severity of mitral regurgitation and any changes in heart structure.

- Electrolyte Panel: To check for imbalances that could be contributing to your symptoms.

Conclusion
While mitral valve prolapse can lead to irregular heartbeats, many individuals manage their symptoms effectively with lifestyle changes and medical management. It is essential to communicate openly with your healthcare provider about your symptoms, especially since they have changed recently. Early intervention can help prevent complications and improve your quality of life.

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