Constipation with Mucus and Blood: Causes and Solutions

Constipation with blood-stained mucus?

Hello Dr.
Chen, I have been experiencing constipation issues for about one to two weeks.
Prior to this, I had regular daily bowel movements.
Recently, I have felt the urge to defecate but have struggled for a long time, and when I do, the stools are small and pellet-like, similar to goat droppings.
Sometimes I feel the urge but cannot pass anything, and other times I only pass one or two pellets.
Additionally, there is often brown mucus when I wipe, and recently I have noticed light red blood or streaks of blood.
My job requires me to sit for long periods, but I used to have very smooth bowel movements.
I would like to inquire about what these symptoms might indicate.
Thank you very much for taking the time to answer my questions!

Liu Xiaojie, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2017/05/04

Dr. Chen Jiaming reply Surgery

Because your bowel movements have been smooth in the past and you are currently experiencing constipation, it is normal to expel some intestinal mucus after prolonged straining.
Hard stools or prolonged attempts to defecate can cause a small amount of anal mucosa to protrude, which may lead to irritation and bleeding.
Therefore, the underlying issue remains constipation.
It is recommended that you adjust your diet and lifestyle accordingly (increase water intake, consume more fruits and vegetables, or consider probiotics).
If these measures do not yield results, then consider trying medication as an adjunct.

Reply Date: 2017/05/04

More Info

Constipation accompanied by mucus and blood can be concerning and warrants a thorough understanding of potential causes and solutions. Based on your description, it seems you have been experiencing a significant change in your bowel habits, transitioning from regular daily bowel movements to infrequent, hard stools resembling "sheep droppings." The presence of brown mucus and occasional streaks of bright red blood can indicate several underlying issues.

Possible Causes
1. Dietary Factors: A diet low in fiber can lead to constipation. Fiber is essential for adding bulk to the stool and facilitating its passage through the intestines. If your diet has changed recently, this could be a contributing factor.

2. Dehydration: Insufficient fluid intake can also lead to hard stools. Water helps soften the stool, making it easier to pass. If you are not drinking enough fluids, this could exacerbate your constipation.

3. Sedentary Lifestyle: You mentioned that your job requires prolonged sitting. Lack of physical activity can slow down the digestive system, leading to constipation. Regular movement stimulates bowel function.

4. Straining During Bowel Movements: If you are experiencing difficulty passing stools, you may be straining, which can cause small tears in the anal tissue (anal fissures) that might bleed and produce mucus.

5. Hemorrhoids: Swollen blood vessels in the rectal area can cause discomfort and bleeding during bowel movements. They can also lead to mucus discharge.

6. Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): IBS can cause changes in bowel habits, including constipation, and may be associated with mucus in the stool.

7. Infections or Inflammatory Conditions: Conditions such as diverticulitis or inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can lead to changes in bowel habits, mucus production, and bleeding.

8. Rectal or Colorectal Issues: Polyps or tumors in the colon can also lead to changes in bowel habits and bleeding. While less common, it is essential to rule out these serious conditions, especially if symptoms persist.

Recommended Solutions
1. Increase Fiber Intake: Aim for a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes. Gradually increase your fiber intake to avoid gas and bloating.

2. Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water throughout the day. Aim for at least 8-10 cups, but adjust based on your activity level and climate.

3. Regular Exercise: Incorporate physical activity into your daily routine. Even short walks can stimulate bowel movements.

4. Establish a Routine: Try to set aside time each day for bowel movements, allowing yourself to relax and not rush the process.

5. Avoid Straining: If you feel the urge to go, don’t delay. Straining can lead to complications like hemorrhoids or anal fissures.

6. Consult a Healthcare Provider: Given the presence of blood and mucus, it is crucial to consult a healthcare provider. They may recommend tests such as a colonoscopy to rule out serious conditions.
7. Over-the-Counter Remedies: Laxatives or stool softeners can provide temporary relief, but they should not be used as a long-term solution without consulting a doctor.

8. Monitor Symptoms: Keep track of your symptoms, including the frequency of bowel movements, the consistency of stools, and any additional symptoms like pain or weight loss.

Conclusion
While constipation with mucus and blood can often be managed with lifestyle changes, it is essential to seek medical advice, especially given the presence of blood. Early intervention can help address any underlying issues and prevent complications. Your health is paramount, so don’t hesitate to reach out to a healthcare professional for a thorough evaluation and personalized treatment plan.

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