Left Occipital Pain: Causes and When to Seek Help

Pain in the left occipital region?

Hello Doctor: About two weeks ago, I experienced sudden pain in the back of my head at night for no apparent reason.
I went to sleep right after, and it felt better the next day.
However, I later noticed that every couple of days, I would have intermittent sharp pain in the back of my left head, which is difficult to describe.
I also feel pain when I cough or do something similar.
What could be the cause of this? What should I do? If I need to go to the hospital, which department should I see? Thank you.

Ms. Wu, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2017/05/05

Dr. Jiang Junyi reply Neurology

Hello, the most common cause of pain in the left posterior part of the head is cervical myofascial pain.
Long-term forward head posture can lead to overuse of the trapezius muscle in the neck, resulting in neck and shoulder discomfort.
Initially, resting may alleviate the pain, but it can progressively worsen and affect daily activities.
Some patients experience severe neck pain upon waking, accompanied by stiffness, tightness, and intolerable pain levels.

It is recommended to:
1.
Change positions: Alter your posture every 15 minutes to allow the neck tissues to rest.
Maintaining any position (including a normal one) for an extended period can lead to tissue fatigue and inflammation, so moving around briefly can reduce muscle inflammation.
2.
Rest: Resting allows the muscles to utilize their self-repair capabilities; vigorous exercise should be avoided during this time.
3.
Apply heat to the neck: Use a heating pad for 15 to 20 minutes, ensuring the temperature is safe to avoid burns.
4.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): For individuals without a history of peptic ulcers, allergies to NSAIDs, or normal renal function, consider using NSAIDs as needed to reduce inflammation and alleviate pain.
It is advisable to consult a neurologist or a rehabilitation physician for further evaluation and treatment.
Wishing you good health, peace, and happiness.

Reply Date: 2017/05/05

More Info

Understanding left occipital pain can be complex, as it may stem from various causes. The occipital region, located at the back of the head, can experience pain due to several factors, including tension headaches, migraines, or even issues related to the cervical spine. Given your symptoms of intermittent sharp pain in the left occipital area, especially when coughing, it’s essential to consider both muscular and neurological origins.

Possible Causes of Left Occipital Pain
1. Tension Headaches: These are the most common type of headaches and can cause a dull, aching sensation around the head. They often result from stress, poor posture, or muscle tension in the neck and scalp. If you have been under stress or have poor ergonomic setups while working or using a computer, this could contribute to your symptoms.

2. Migraines: Migraines can also manifest as sharp, throbbing pain, often localized to one side of the head. They may be accompanied by other symptoms such as nausea, sensitivity to light, or visual disturbances. If your pain is severe and recurrent, it may be worth considering this diagnosis.

3. Cervical Spine Issues: Problems with the cervical spine, such as herniated discs or cervical spondylosis, can lead to referred pain in the occipital area. If you have a history of neck pain or stiffness, this could be a contributing factor.

4. Occipital Neuralgia: This condition involves irritation or injury to the occipital nerves, leading to sharp, shooting pain in the back of the head. It can be triggered by neck tension or injury.

5. Sinus Issues: In some cases, sinus infections or inflammation can cause pain that radiates to the occipital region, especially if you experience nasal congestion or pressure.

When to Seek Medical Help
Given that your symptoms have persisted for two weeks and are characterized by intermittent sharp pain, it is advisable to seek medical attention. You should consider visiting a neurologist, as they specialize in headaches and neurological disorders. A thorough evaluation may include a physical examination, a review of your medical history, and possibly imaging studies such as an MRI or CT scan to rule out any serious underlying conditions.

What to Expect During Your Visit
During your consultation, the doctor will likely ask about the nature of your pain, any associated symptoms (like nausea or visual changes), and your medical history. They may also inquire about your lifestyle, including stress levels, sleep patterns, and any recent injuries. Based on this information, they may recommend further diagnostic tests or treatments.

Management Strategies
In the meantime, there are several self-care strategies you can employ to manage your symptoms:
- Posture Correction: Ensure that your workspace is ergonomically friendly. Adjust your chair and computer screen to reduce neck strain.

- Stress Management: Engage in relaxation techniques such as yoga, meditation, or deep-breathing exercises to alleviate tension.

- Heat Therapy: Applying a warm compress to the neck and shoulders can help relax tight muscles.

- Hydration and Nutrition: Staying hydrated and maintaining a balanced diet can also play a role in headache management.

Conclusion
While occasional headaches can be common, persistent or severe pain warrants a closer look. Your symptoms of left occipital pain, particularly if they are sharp and associated with coughing, should be evaluated by a healthcare professional. A neurologist will be able to provide a comprehensive assessment and guide you towards an appropriate treatment plan. Remember, early intervention can often lead to better outcomes, so don’t hesitate to seek help.

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