Delayed Symptoms After Head Injury: Long-Term Effects

Brain issues?

Hello Doctor: When I was 15 years old, I had a direct impact to my chin against the ground, which caused my entire head to feel numb and my vision to be blurry for about 1 to 2 minutes.
I did not experience any discomfort in the week following the incident and did not seek medical attention.
However, in recent years, I occasionally feel a pressure or discomfort in my head, along with occasional headaches.
When I wear contact lenses, I often feel a significant pressure in my head and discomfort in my eyes.
I consulted an ophthalmologist who said my intraocular pressure is normal and there are no issues.
I would like to ask the doctor if it is possible for the aftereffects of the impact to manifest discomfort after such a long time?

Weng, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2017/06/16

Dr. Jiang Junyi reply Neurology

Hello, based on your description, the symptoms resemble those of a migraine rather than a consequence of a fall.
This type of headache can last from 4 to 72 hours.
The characteristics of the headache include unilateral pain, which may feel throbbing or pulsating, often accompanied by nausea and vomiting, as well as sensitivity to light and sound.
Additionally, activities such as walking, climbing stairs, or moving the head can exacerbate the pain.
It is recommended to develop good lifestyle habits, maintain a regular daily routine, ensure adequate but not excessive sleep, avoid overexertion, and practice relaxation techniques.
Some individuals may have specific triggers, such as certain foods, alcohol, drastic temperature changes, or moving in and out of air-conditioned environments during hot summer days; avoiding these situations can help prevent migraines.
It is advisable to consult a neurologist for further evaluation and treatment.
Wishing you good health and peace.

Reply Date: 2017/06/16

More Info

Experiencing delayed symptoms after a head injury, especially one that occurred during adolescence, can be concerning. In your case, the initial symptoms you described—numbness and blurred vision—indicate that the injury was significant enough to affect your neurological function temporarily. While you did not seek medical attention immediately after the incident, it is important to understand that head injuries can have long-term effects that may not manifest until years later.

Understanding Long-Term Effects of Head Injuries
1. Post-Concussion Syndrome (PCS): One of the most common long-term effects of a head injury is post-concussion syndrome. This condition can occur after a concussion and may present with symptoms such as headaches, dizziness, cognitive difficulties, and emotional changes. Symptoms can persist for weeks, months, or even years after the initial injury. Your experience of occasional headaches and a feeling of pressure in your head could be indicative of PCS.

2. Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE): Although more commonly associated with repeated head injuries (like those seen in contact sports), CTE is a degenerative brain disease that can result from a single significant head trauma. Symptoms may include memory loss, confusion, impaired judgment, and changes in mood or behavior. While your symptoms do not necessarily indicate CTE, it is essential to monitor any changes in cognitive function or behavior over time.

3. Cervical Spine Issues: Given that you experienced a direct impact to your chin, it is possible that the injury could have affected your cervical spine. Issues such as cervical strain or misalignment can lead to headaches and discomfort, especially if you are experiencing pressure when wearing contact lenses. It may be worthwhile to consult a chiropractor or physical therapist who specializes in neck injuries.

4. Visual Disturbances: The blurred vision you experienced immediately after the injury could suggest a concussion-related issue affecting your visual processing. Even if your eye pressure is normal, the brain's ability to process visual information can be impacted by head trauma. If you continue to experience discomfort while wearing contact lenses, it may be beneficial to consult with a neuro-ophthalmologist who can assess any underlying issues related to your vision.

5. Psychological Effects: Head injuries can also lead to psychological effects, including anxiety and depression. If you find that your symptoms are affecting your daily life or mental well-being, it may be helpful to speak with a mental health professional who can provide support and coping strategies.

Recommendations
- Medical Evaluation: It is advisable to seek a comprehensive evaluation from a neurologist or a specialist in brain injuries. They can conduct appropriate imaging studies, such as an MRI or CT scan, to rule out any structural issues that may have developed over time.

- Symptom Management: Keeping a symptom diary can help you track your headaches and any other discomforts. This information can be valuable for your healthcare provider in determining the best course of action.

- Lifestyle Adjustments: Consider making lifestyle changes that may alleviate your symptoms. This could include regular exercise, a balanced diet, adequate hydration, and proper sleep hygiene. Managing stress through mindfulness or relaxation techniques may also be beneficial.

- Follow-Up Care: Regular follow-ups with your healthcare provider can help monitor your condition and adjust treatment plans as necessary. If your symptoms worsen or new symptoms arise, do not hesitate to seek immediate medical attention.

In conclusion, while it is possible for symptoms to emerge long after a head injury, understanding the potential long-term effects and seeking appropriate medical care can help manage and mitigate these issues. Your health and well-being are paramount, and addressing these concerns with a qualified healthcare professional is the best course of action.

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