Bright Red Blood in Stool: Causes and Concerns - Gastroenterology and Hepatology

More Info

---

Bright red blood in the stool can be alarming, and it's understandable that you're concerned about the possibility of serious conditions such as cancer. However, there are several potential causes for this symptom, and not all of them are serious.
The presence of bright red blood in your stool typically indicates that the bleeding is occurring in the lower gastrointestinal tract, which includes the colon and rectum. Some common causes of bright red blood in the stool include:
1. Hemorrhoids: These are swollen blood vessels in the rectum or anus that can bleed during bowel movements, especially if you're experiencing constipation or straining. The blood is usually bright red and may be seen on the toilet paper or in the toilet bowl.

2. Anal fissures: These are small tears in the lining of the anus, often caused by passing hard stools. Like hemorrhoids, fissures can cause bright red blood and may be associated with pain during bowel movements.

3. Diverticular disease: This condition involves the formation of small pouches (diverticula) in the walls of the colon. If these pouches become inflamed or infected, they can bleed.

4. Colorectal polyps: These are growths on the lining of the colon or rectum. While many polyps are benign, some can develop into cancer over time. They can cause bleeding, which may appear as bright red blood in the stool.

5. Colorectal cancer: While it is a serious concern, it is important to note that not all cases of bright red blood in the stool are due to cancer. However, if you have risk factors such as a family history of colorectal cancer, changes in bowel habits, or other concerning symptoms, it is essential to seek medical evaluation.

6. Gastrointestinal infections: Certain infections can cause inflammation and bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract, leading to blood in the stool.

Given your history of infrequent bowel movements and previous issues with large stools causing pain, it is possible that hemorrhoids or anal fissures could be contributing to your symptoms. However, the change in your bowel habits and the presence of blood warrant a thorough evaluation.

It is crucial to consult a healthcare professional for a proper assessment. They may recommend a physical examination, a rectal exam, and possibly a colonoscopy to visualize the colon and identify the source of the bleeding. Additionally, they may perform blood tests to check for anemia or other underlying conditions.

In the meantime, consider the following self-care measures:
- Increase fiber intake: Eating a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can help soften stools and promote regular bowel movements, reducing the risk of straining and bleeding.

- Stay hydrated: Drinking plenty of water can also help prevent constipation.

- Avoid straining: If you feel the urge to go, try not to delay bowel movements, as this can lead to harder stools and increased straining.

While it is natural to worry about serious conditions like cancer, many cases of bright red blood in the stool are due to less severe issues. However, only a healthcare provider can provide a definitive diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Please seek medical attention as soon as possible to address your concerns and ensure your health and well-being.