Could I Be Pregnant? Risks After Unprotected Intercourse - Obstetrics and Gynecology

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Is it pregnancy?


My menstrual cycle is 21 days.
My period ended in early July, and I had sexual intercourse during the fertile window in mid-July (the app indicated a high chance of conception).
However, we used a condom, but I'm unsure if it broke.
My period was supposed to arrive on the 21st, and it hasn't come yet.
What is the likelihood of pregnancy?

Han, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2017/07/24

Dr. Huang Jianzhong reply Obstetrics and Gynecology


The menstrual cycle is 21 days.
Menstruation ended in early July, and there was sexual intercourse during the fertile window in mid-July (the app indicated a high chance of conception).
However, a condom was used, and it is uncertain if it broke.
The period was expected to arrive on the 21st, but it has not come yet.
What is the likelihood of pregnancy? Answer: Take a pregnancy test on July 28.

Reply Date: 2017/07/24

More Info


When it comes to the possibility of pregnancy after unprotected intercourse, there are several factors to consider, especially in the context of your menstrual cycle and the use of condoms. Based on the information you've provided, let's break down the situation.

First, you mentioned that your menstrual cycle is typically 21 days long, and your last period ended in early July. If your cycle is regular, you would expect your next period around July 21. Since you have not yet received your period, this could be a sign of pregnancy, but it is not definitive on its own.

You also indicated that you had sexual intercourse during your fertile window, which is typically around the time of ovulation. If your cycle is indeed 21 days, ovulation would likely occur around day 7 to 14 of your cycle, making it a high-risk time for potential conception. However, you mentioned that you used a condom during intercourse, which is a significant factor in reducing the risk of pregnancy.

The effectiveness of condoms is generally high when used correctly. They are about 98% effective at preventing pregnancy with perfect use, but this can drop to about 85% with typical use due to factors like improper application or breakage. If you are unsure whether the condom broke during intercourse, this could increase your anxiety about the possibility of pregnancy.

Given that your period is late, it is advisable to take a home pregnancy test. These tests are designed to detect the hormone hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin), which is produced during pregnancy. For the most accurate results, it is best to wait until at least the first day of your missed period to take the test. If you take it too early, you may receive a false negative result.

In addition to the pregnancy test, consider other signs of pregnancy, such as breast tenderness, nausea, fatigue, or changes in appetite. However, these symptoms can also be related to premenstrual syndrome (PMS) or other factors, so they are not definitive indicators of pregnancy.

If the pregnancy test is positive, it is important to follow up with a healthcare provider for further evaluation and to discuss your options. If the test is negative and your period still does not arrive, it may be worth consulting with a healthcare professional to explore other potential causes for your missed period, such as stress, hormonal imbalances, or other health issues.

In summary, while there is a possibility of pregnancy given your circumstances, the use of a condom significantly reduces that risk. Taking a home pregnancy test will provide you with clearer information. Regardless of the outcome, it is essential to have open discussions about sexual health and contraception to better understand and manage your reproductive health in the future.

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