Can Anal Fistulas Affect Your Chances of Conception?

Will an anal fistula affect fertility?

Hello doctor, six months ago I had an anal abscess that was drained by a physician.
The wound has now reduced to a small point that looks like an opening, but there is no discharge, and visually there is no redness, swelling, or heat.
Generally, I do not feel pain while sitting, but there is slight pain when I press firmly around the area.
Light pressure only reveals a hard lump.
Although I suspect it may have formed a fistula, I live on an outlying island and have irregular access to medical care, so I have left it untreated.
Recently, as I am preparing for pregnancy, I suddenly thought about this issue and would like to ask the doctor if an anal fistula could affect my chances of conception?

Niming, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2017/08/24

Dr. Ke Fangxu reply Surgery

It is not just during pregnancy that the affected blood circulation may increase the risk of infection; it is personally recommended to undergo surgical treatment before becoming pregnant.

Reply Date: 2017/08/24

More Info

Anal fistulas, which are abnormal connections between the anal canal and the skin surrounding the anus, can arise from various conditions, including abscesses. While they can be uncomfortable and may lead to complications, their direct impact on fertility and conception chances is generally minimal. However, there are several factors to consider regarding anal fistulas and their potential implications for conception.

Firstly, it is essential to understand that anal fistulas primarily affect the lower gastrointestinal tract and do not directly involve the reproductive organs. Therefore, in most cases, having an anal fistula should not inherently affect a person's ability to conceive. However, if the fistula is associated with an underlying condition, such as Crohn's disease or other inflammatory bowel diseases, these conditions could potentially impact fertility. For instance, Crohn's disease can lead to complications such as scarring or adhesions in the pelvic area, which might affect reproductive organs and, consequently, fertility.

Secondly, while the fistula itself may not directly impact conception, it can lead to discomfort or pain during sexual intercourse, which could indirectly affect a couple's ability to conceive. Pain during intercourse may lead to decreased sexual activity, which can reduce the chances of conception. If you experience discomfort or pain during sexual activity due to the fistula, it is advisable to consult with a healthcare provider to discuss potential treatment options.

Moreover, if the fistula becomes infected or inflamed, it could lead to systemic issues that might affect overall health and well-being. Infections can sometimes lead to fever, malaise, or other symptoms that could temporarily affect libido or sexual function. Maintaining good overall health is crucial when trying to conceive, so addressing any infections or complications related to the fistula is important.

In terms of treatment, if you suspect that the fistula has formed a tract or if you experience any changes in symptoms, it is advisable to seek medical attention. While you mentioned that accessing healthcare is challenging due to your location, it is essential to prioritize your health. A healthcare provider can assess the fistula, determine if it requires treatment, and provide guidance on managing any discomfort or complications.

If you are actively trying to conceive, it may also be beneficial to discuss your plans with a healthcare provider who can offer personalized advice based on your medical history and current health status. They can help you navigate any concerns related to the fistula and its potential impact on your fertility.

In summary, while anal fistulas themselves do not typically affect conception chances, underlying conditions, discomfort during intercourse, and overall health can play a role in fertility. It is crucial to monitor your symptoms and seek medical advice when possible to ensure that any issues are addressed appropriately. Taking care of your health and addressing any complications related to the fistula can help create a more favorable environment for conception.

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