Testicular Pain: Causes, Symptoms, and When to Seek Help - Urology

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Testicular pain can be concerning, especially when you have a pre-existing condition like varicocele (enlarged veins within the scrotum). Understanding the potential causes of testicular pain, the symptoms associated with them, and when to seek medical help is crucial for your health.


Causes of Testicular Pain
1. Varicocele: This is a common cause of testicular pain, particularly in younger men. It occurs when the veins within the scrotum become enlarged, similar to varicose veins in the legs. Symptoms can include a dull ache or a feeling of heaviness in the affected testicle, which may worsen after prolonged standing or physical activity.

2. Testicular Torsion: This is a medical emergency that occurs when the spermatic cord becomes twisted, cutting off the blood supply to the testicle. Symptoms typically include sudden, severe pain in one testicle, swelling, nausea, and vomiting. The pain is often intense and can make it difficult to walk. If you suspect torsion, it is critical to seek immediate medical attention, as delayed treatment can lead to loss of the testicle.

3. Epididymitis: This is an inflammation of the epididymis, often caused by infection. Symptoms may include pain and swelling in the testicle, redness, and sometimes fever. It can be associated with sexually transmitted infections in younger men.

4. Inguinal Hernia: This occurs when tissue, such as part of the intestine, protrudes through a weak spot in the abdominal muscles. Symptoms can include a bulge in the groin or scrotum and discomfort, especially when lifting or straining.

5. Trauma or Injury: Physical activity, such as running, can sometimes lead to minor injuries or strains that cause discomfort in the testicles.

6. Tumors: Although less common, testicular tumors can cause pain or discomfort. Other symptoms may include a lump in the testicle or changes in size.


Symptoms to Monitor
Given your description of a mild, intermittent pain that feels like being "gently pinched," it is less likely to be testicular torsion, which typically presents with severe, acute pain. However, you should monitor for additional symptoms, including:
- Swelling of the testicle or scrotum
- Changes in the size or shape of the testicle
- Pain that worsens or becomes constant
- Nausea or vomiting
- Fever or chills

When to Seek Help
You should seek medical attention if:
- The pain persists or worsens over the next few days.

- You experience any of the severe symptoms associated with testicular torsion or epididymitis.

- There are any changes in the appearance of your testicles or scrotum.

- You develop fever, chills, or other systemic symptoms.


Conclusion
While your current symptoms may be related to your varicocele, it is essential to remain vigilant. If the pain continues or you develop any concerning symptoms, do not hesitate to seek medical evaluation. A healthcare provider can perform a physical examination and may recommend an ultrasound to assess the blood flow to the testicle and rule out any serious conditions. Early diagnosis and treatment are key to preventing complications and ensuring your reproductive health.