Could I Be Pregnant? Risks After Unprotected Intercourse - Obstetrics and Gynecology

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Could this lead to pregnancy?


The person has a regular menstrual cycle that starts on the 15th of each month, with a cycle length of approximately 35 days and a duration of 7 days.
We had unprotected intercourse on October 7 and October 10, but ejaculation occurred outside.
On October 18, she visited a gynecologist, took a pregnancy test, and it was negative (she also took medication to induce menstruation that day).
However, as of October 23, her period still has not arrived.
What is the likelihood of pregnancy in this situation?

Amber, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2017/10/23

Dr. Huang Jianzhong reply Obstetrics and Gynecology


The person has a regular menstrual cycle that starts on the 15th of each month, with a cycle length of approximately 35 days and lasting for 7 days.
We had unprotected sexual intercourse on 10/7 and 10/10, but ejaculation occurred outside.
On 10/18, a visit to the gynecologist was made, and a pregnancy test was conducted, which showed no pregnancy (and a medication to induce menstruation was taken that day).
However, as of 10/23, menstruation has still not occurred.
What is the likelihood of pregnancy in this situation? Answer: Since a visit to the gynecologist on 10/18 showed no pregnancy, the likelihood of pregnancy is low.

Reply Date: 2017/10/23

More Info


When considering the possibility of pregnancy after unprotected intercourse, it is essential to understand the menstrual cycle, the timing of ovulation, and the nature of the sexual activity that took place. Based on the information provided, your partner has a regular menstrual cycle that typically occurs around the 15th of each month and lasts for about 7 days, with a cycle length of approximately 35 days.
Given this cycle length, ovulation would likely occur around day 21 of the cycle (which is approximately 14 days before the next expected period). If we assume that the last menstrual period began on September 15, ovulation would likely have occurred around October 6. The unprotected sexual encounters on October 7 and October 10 are close to the ovulation date, which raises the potential risk for pregnancy, especially if there was any pre-ejaculate fluid present.

However, you mentioned that there was external ejaculation during these encounters, which significantly reduces the likelihood of pregnancy. Sperm can survive in the female reproductive tract for up to five days, but the chances of conception decrease substantially if ejaculation does not occur inside the vagina.
You also mentioned that you visited a gynecologist on October 18 and underwent a pregnancy test, which returned negative. This is a strong indicator that pregnancy is unlikely, especially since the test was conducted relatively soon after the potential conception window. Additionally, you took medication to induce menstruation, which can also affect the timing of your next period.

As of October 23, if your partner's period has not yet arrived, it could be due to several factors, including stress, hormonal fluctuations, or the effects of the medication taken to induce menstruation. It is not uncommon for menstrual cycles to be irregular or delayed after taking such medications, especially if they were used to alter the cycle.

In summary, while there is a possibility of pregnancy due to the timing of the sexual encounters relative to ovulation, the negative pregnancy test and the use of external ejaculation significantly reduce that risk. If your partner's period does not arrive within a week or so, it may be advisable to take another pregnancy test or consult with a healthcare provider for further evaluation.
In the future, if you wish to avoid unintended pregnancies, consider using reliable contraception methods consistently, such as condoms or hormonal birth control, and ensure proper usage to maximize their effectiveness. Understanding the menstrual cycle and ovulation can also help in planning sexual activities and managing pregnancy risks more effectively.

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