Is Your Elbow Fractured or Dislocated? Signs and What to Do

Is there a fracture or dislocation of the elbow joint?

Hello Doctor, I would like to ask you a few questions: I bumped the outer side of my elbow against a wall, and after about an hour, it became swollen and very red.
There is noticeable warmth and localized pain.
I experience pain whenever I lift or extend my arm.
I would like to know if this could be a dislocation or fracture? Also, what could happen if a dislocation or fracture is not treated? I am hesitant to seek medical attention because my family would not accept the reason for the injury.
Thank you very much for taking the time to answer my questions.

Weed, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2018/02/11

Dr. Li Yongheng reply Orthopedics

Hello, you have bumped the outer side of your elbow against the wall, resulting in noticeable warmth and localized pain, with discomfort during movement.
It is usually not severe enough to cause dislocation or fracture.
I recommend applying ice and using some topical analgesic ointment; typically, you should see significant improvement within 5-7 days.
If the swelling, pain, and bruising persist beyond 7 days, it is advisable to seek medical attention for an X-ray examination.
Failure to address a dislocation or fracture could lead to deformity and restricted joint mobility as a long-term consequence.
Wishing you a speedy recovery.

Reply Date: 2018/02/11

More Info

When it comes to elbow injuries, distinguishing between a fracture and a dislocation can be challenging, especially when symptoms overlap. Based on your description of the injury—swelling, redness, localized heat, and pain when lifting or extending the arm—there are several important considerations to keep in mind.

Signs of Fracture vs. Dislocation
1. Fracture: A fracture in the elbow can occur due to a direct impact, such as hitting the wall. Symptoms typically include:
- Swelling and bruising around the elbow.

- Severe pain, especially when trying to move the elbow.

- Deformity or an unusual angle of the elbow.

- Inability to fully extend or flex the arm.

2. Dislocation: An elbow dislocation occurs when the bones of the elbow joint are forced out of their normal position. Symptoms may include:
- Visible deformity of the elbow.

- Severe pain and swelling.

- Inability to move the elbow or forearm.

- Numbness or tingling in the hand or fingers, indicating possible nerve involvement.

What to Do Next
Given your symptoms, it is crucial to seek medical attention. Ignoring a potential fracture or dislocation can lead to complications such as:
- Chronic Pain: Untreated injuries can result in persistent pain and discomfort.

- Loss of Function: You may experience reduced range of motion or strength in the elbow.

- Nerve Damage: Dislocations can sometimes compress nerves, leading to long-term issues.

- Improper Healing: Fractures that are not properly aligned may heal incorrectly, leading to deformity or arthritis.

Importance of Medical Evaluation
A healthcare professional will likely perform a physical examination and may order imaging studies, such as X-rays or an MRI, to determine the extent of the injury. This is essential for:
- Accurate Diagnosis: Differentiating between a fracture and dislocation, as well as identifying any associated injuries to ligaments or tendons.

- Appropriate Treatment: Depending on the diagnosis, treatment may involve immobilization, physical therapy, or in some cases, surgery.

Addressing Concerns About Seeking Help
It is understandable to have concerns about how your family may react to your injury. However, prioritizing your health is crucial. Explain to them that seeking medical attention is necessary to ensure proper healing and to avoid long-term complications. Most importantly, addressing the injury now can prevent more significant issues in the future.

Conclusion
In summary, the symptoms you describe warrant a thorough evaluation by a medical professional. While it may be daunting to seek help, doing so is essential for your recovery and long-term health. Remember, injuries like fractures and dislocations are common, and healthcare providers are equipped to handle these situations with care and expertise. Don't hesitate to reach out for the help you need.

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