High Myopia: Eye Exams, Complications, and Dietary Tips - Ophthalmology

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High myopia, also known as pathological myopia, is a significant concern for many individuals, particularly those with severe refractive errors like yourself. Your experiences and questions highlight several important aspects of managing high myopia, including the need for regular eye exams, understanding potential complications, and considering dietary interventions to support eye health.

Firstly, regarding your question about the fluctuation in your prescription from 700 to 775 diopters during a dilated eye exam, it is not uncommon for refractive measurements to vary slightly under different conditions. Dilation can temporarily alter the shape of the eye and the way light is focused, leading to a different measurement. If your non-dilated exams consistently show 700, it may not be necessary to undergo another dilated exam unless your vision changes significantly or you experience new symptoms. However, regular monitoring is essential, especially given your high myopia.

As for the concern about the risk of macular degeneration or other complications associated with high myopia, studies indicate that individuals with myopia greater than 800 diopters do have an increased risk of developing conditions such as myopic macular degeneration, retinal detachment, and other retinal pathologies. The statistic you mentioned—that over 50% of individuals with high myopia may experience issues with the macula within ten years—is a general estimate and can vary based on individual factors, including genetics and overall eye health. Regular eye examinations, including retinal assessments, are crucial for early detection and management of these potential complications.

In terms of dietary considerations, while no specific diet can prevent myopia progression, certain nutrients are known to support overall eye health. Foods rich in antioxidants, such as leafy greens (spinach, kale), colorful fruits (berries, oranges), and fish high in omega-3 fatty acids (salmon, mackerel) can be beneficial. Additionally, vitamins A, C, and E, along with minerals like zinc, play a role in maintaining retinal health. Staying hydrated and maintaining a balanced diet can also contribute to overall well-being.

You mentioned being proactive about managing your screen time and ensuring adequate rest for your eyes, which is excellent. The 20-20-20 rule is a helpful guideline: every 20 minutes, take a 20-second break to look at something 20 feet away. This practice can help reduce eye strain, especially during prolonged periods of near work.

Lastly, your experience with floaters (the "stars" you see) is not uncommon in individuals with high myopia. While floaters can be a normal occurrence, a sudden increase in their number or changes in vision should prompt an immediate consultation with an eye care professional, as these can sometimes indicate more serious conditions.

In summary, continue with your regular eye exams, maintain a healthy diet rich in eye-supportive nutrients, and practice good eye hygiene to manage your high myopia effectively. If you have any new symptoms or concerns, do not hesitate to reach out to your eye care provider for further evaluation. Your proactive approach to your eye health is commendable and essential in managing the risks associated with high myopia.