Does Medication for Ankylosing Spondylitis Cause High Blood Pressure? - Orthopedics

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Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a type of inflammatory arthritis that primarily affects the spine and can lead to severe, chronic pain and discomfort. The management of AS often involves the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), biologics, and other medications aimed at reducing inflammation and managing pain. However, patients with AS may also have concerns regarding the potential side effects of their medications, particularly regarding blood pressure.

Certain medications used to treat ankylosing spondylitis can indeed have an impact on blood pressure. For instance, NSAIDs, which are commonly prescribed for pain relief in AS, can lead to fluid retention and increased blood pressure in some individuals. This is particularly true for long-term use or in patients who may already have underlying hypertension or kidney issues. The mechanism behind this involves the inhibition of prostaglandins, which play a role in regulating kidney function and fluid balance. When these prostaglandins are inhibited, it can lead to sodium retention and increased blood volume, subsequently raising blood pressure.

Biologic therapies, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors, are also used in the treatment of AS. While these medications are generally well-tolerated, there is some evidence suggesting that they may have cardiovascular effects, although the relationship between biologics and hypertension is less clear. Some studies indicate that TNF inhibitors may actually have a protective effect on cardiovascular health, but individual responses can vary.

If a patient with ankylosing spondylitis is experiencing elevated blood pressure, it is crucial to evaluate the entire medication regimen, including any over-the-counter medications and supplements, as these can also contribute to hypertension. Additionally, lifestyle factors such as diet, exercise, and stress management play significant roles in blood pressure control and should be considered in the overall management plan.

For patients who are concerned about their blood pressure while on medication for ankylosing spondylitis, it is essential to have open communication with their healthcare provider. Regular monitoring of blood pressure is advisable, and any significant changes should be discussed with a physician. Adjustments to medication, whether it be the AS treatment or antihypertensive medications, may be necessary based on the patient's overall health status and blood pressure readings.

In summary, while medications for ankylosing spondylitis can potentially contribute to elevated blood pressure, the extent of this effect varies among individuals and depends on the specific medications used. Patients should work closely with their healthcare providers to monitor their blood pressure and make any necessary adjustments to their treatment plans to ensure both effective management of their AS and control of their blood pressure.