Menstrual Irregularities: Weight, Stress, and Health Factors

Menstrual issues

Hello Dr.
Chang,
1.
My menstrual period has been consistently starting around the 6th of the month for the past three months, lasting for five days.
I often experience irregular periods, sometimes starting at the beginning of the month and other times at the end.
Could this be related to my weight?
2.
At the end of last month, I had unprotected intercourse, but it was through withdrawal.
However, my period has not arrived this month yet.
At the beginning of the month, I had a fall that startled me; could this affect my menstrual cycle? Additionally, I have been experiencing slightly elevated body temperature and headaches, for which I have taken over-the-counter pain medication.

Alice, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2018/06/18

Dr. Zhang Kunmin reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Hello, the factors that can affect the menstrual cycle or cause intermenstrual bleeding are numerous, including age, weight, environment, lifestyle, stress, emotional instability, weight fluctuations, medications, emergency contraceptive pills, diet, polycystic ovary syndrome, uterine or cervical lesions, infections, ovulation, pregnancy, and breastfeeding, among others.
It is also possible to conceive even if ejaculation does not occur during intercourse, as pre-ejaculatory fluid may contain sperm.
Therefore, if your period is more than a week late, it is advisable to check for pregnancy.
Thank you! Wishing you peace and health, Dr.
Zhang.

Reply Date: 2018/06/18

More Info

Menstrual irregularities can be influenced by a variety of factors, including weight, stress, and overall health. Let's break down your concerns and provide some insights into how these factors might be affecting your menstrual cycle.

1. Weight and Menstrual Irregularities: Your question about whether weight can affect your menstrual cycle is very relevant. Fluctuations in body weight, whether it's gaining or losing weight, can significantly impact hormonal balance. The menstrual cycle is regulated by hormones, and any changes in body fat can alter the levels of these hormones, leading to irregular periods. For example, women who are underweight may experience amenorrhea (the absence of menstruation), while those who are overweight may have heavier or more frequent periods. If you have experienced significant changes in your weight recently, this could be a contributing factor to your irregular cycles.

2. Impact of Stress and Physical Trauma: Stress is another critical factor that can disrupt your menstrual cycle. When you experience stress, your body produces cortisol, a hormone that can interfere with the production of reproductive hormones, potentially leading to delayed or missed periods. Additionally, physical trauma, such as a fall, can also impact your menstrual cycle. The body may react to trauma by prioritizing recovery over reproductive functions, which can lead to changes in your cycle.
3. Recent Sexual Activity: You mentioned having unprotected sexual intercourse with withdrawal as a method of contraception. While this method can reduce the risk of pregnancy, it is not foolproof. If your period is late, it may be worth considering a pregnancy test to rule out pregnancy as a cause of your missed period, especially since you have had irregular cycles in the past.

4. Symptoms of Elevated Temperature and Headaches: The symptoms you are experiencing, such as a slightly elevated body temperature and headaches, could be related to various factors, including stress, illness, or hormonal changes. If these symptoms persist, it may be advisable to consult a healthcare provider for a thorough evaluation.

In summary, your menstrual irregularities could be influenced by a combination of weight changes, stress levels, and recent physical trauma. It is essential to monitor your cycle and any accompanying symptoms closely. If your periods continue to be irregular or if you experience significant discomfort, it would be wise to consult a healthcare professional. They may recommend blood tests to check hormone levels, a pelvic exam, or imaging studies to rule out any underlying conditions.
Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, managing stress through relaxation techniques, and ensuring a balanced diet can also help regulate your menstrual cycle. If you have further questions or concerns, please feel free to reach out for more personalized advice.

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