Can I Dive After Heart Surgery for Atrial Septal Defect?

Postoperative participation in diving for patients with congenital heart disease (atrial septal defect)?

Hello, Doctor He.
I had congenital heart disease (atrial septal defect) when I was young, but I have not experienced any discomfort throughout my life.
However, during middle school, I underwent a cardiac catheterization procedure at Taichung Veterans General Hospital upon the recommendation of a physician, where a closure device was implanted.
In the years following the surgery, I have been regularly monitored, and the doctor confirmed that the closure device has been completely encapsulated by heart tissue.
Since the surgery, I have experienced no discomfort and can engage in normal activities.
It has been over 10 years since the surgery, and I have had no physical issues during normal activities or exercise.
Recently, I am planning a trip to Okinawa and would like to participate in diving.
I would like to ask you, Doctor He, if my condition is suitable for participating in diving activities?

home, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2018/08/15

Dr. He Dongjin reply Cardiology

Hello, the occluder has been completely enveloped by the heart tissue.
There have been no postoperative discomforts, and you should be able to engage in normal activities just like a healthy person.
You can participate in diving activities.
Changhua Hospital cares about you.

Reply Date: 2018/08/15

More Info

Diving after heart surgery, particularly for a condition like an atrial septal defect (ASD) repair, is a topic that requires careful consideration of various factors. Given your history of congenital heart disease and the successful closure of your ASD with a device, it is encouraging that you have been symptom-free and have been able to engage in normal activities for over a decade. However, there are several important aspects to consider before deciding to dive.

Firstly, the physiological changes that occur during diving can affect individuals with a history of heart conditions. When you dive, especially to significant depths, the pressure increases, which can impact the cardiovascular system. For someone who has had heart surgery, it is crucial to ensure that your heart can handle these changes without any risk of complications.
The fact that your closure device has been fully encapsulated by heart tissue is a positive sign, indicating that your heart has healed well. However, it is essential to consult with your cardiologist or a physician who specializes in diving medicine. They can perform a thorough evaluation of your current heart function, including echocardiograms and possibly stress tests, to ensure that your heart can tolerate the increased pressures associated with diving.

Another consideration is the potential for decompression sickness, commonly known as "the bends." This condition occurs when nitrogen bubbles form in the bloodstream due to rapid ascent from deep water. Individuals with a history of heart disease may be at a higher risk for complications if they experience decompression sickness. Your doctor may recommend specific diving practices, such as avoiding deep dives or ensuring that you ascend slowly to mitigate this risk.

Additionally, it is important to consider your overall health and fitness level. Regular cardiovascular exercise is beneficial for heart health, but it is crucial to ensure that you are in good physical condition before engaging in activities like diving. If you have any other underlying health issues, such as respiratory problems or uncontrolled hypertension, these could further complicate your ability to dive safely.

Lastly, diving should always be done with a buddy and under safe conditions. Make sure to inform your diving partner about your medical history and any precautions you need to take. It may also be beneficial to take a diving course that covers safety protocols and emergency procedures, especially for individuals with a medical history.

In summary, while your history of ASD repair is promising, the decision to dive should not be taken lightly. Consult with your cardiologist to assess your current heart health and discuss any potential risks associated with diving. If cleared for diving, ensure that you follow safe diving practices and remain aware of your body’s signals during the activity. Enjoy your trip to Okinawa, and stay safe!

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