Can Oral Sex Transmit STDs Between Monogamous Partners?

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Hello, doctor.
If the female partner is confirmed to be free of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), is there a possibility for the male partner to contract an STI through oral sex, considering both partners have only one sexual partner? Specifically regarding oral sex.

An, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2018/08/16

Dr. Hong Yuanbin reply Internal Medicine

Hello, as long as there are no wounds in the oral cavity, the risk of contracting a sexually transmitted infection (STI) through oral sex is already very low.
Additionally, if it is confirmed that there are no STIs, then infection should not occur.
Thank you for your question.

Reply Date: 2018/08/16

More Info

Oral sex can indeed transmit sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), even between monogamous partners, although the risk may be lower compared to penetrative sex. If both partners are confirmed to be free of STDs, the likelihood of transmission during oral sex is significantly reduced. However, it is essential to consider several factors that can influence this risk.

Firstly, the presence of any cuts, sores, or abrasions in the mouth or on the genitals can increase the risk of STD transmission. For example, if one partner has a cold sore (caused by the herpes simplex virus) or any other oral infection, this can pose a risk even if they do not have a diagnosed STD. Similarly, if the receiving partner has gum disease or bleeding gums, this can also create an entry point for infections.

Secondly, certain STDs can be asymptomatic, meaning that one partner may carry an infection without showing any signs or symptoms. For instance, human papillomavirus (HPV) can be transmitted through oral sex, and while many people do not exhibit symptoms, they can still pass the virus to their partner. This is particularly relevant in the context of monogamous relationships, where partners may assume that their mutual exclusivity guarantees safety from STDs.

Moreover, the types of STDs that can be transmitted through oral sex include herpes, gonorrhea, chlamydia, syphilis, and HIV, among others. While the risk of HIV transmission through oral sex is lower than through anal or vaginal sex, it is not zero. Factors such as the presence of blood, oral lesions, or other infections can increase this risk.

In a monogamous relationship, regular health check-ups and open communication about sexual health are crucial. Both partners should be tested for STDs before engaging in sexual activities, including oral sex. This ensures that both individuals are aware of their health status and can take appropriate precautions.

In summary, while the risk of transmitting STDs through oral sex between monogamous partners is lower if both partners are confirmed to be free of STDs, it is not entirely absent. Factors such as asymptomatic infections, oral health issues, and the presence of sores can contribute to the risk. Therefore, maintaining good oral hygiene, regular health screenings, and transparent communication about sexual health are essential practices for reducing the risk of STD transmission in any sexual relationship.

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