Is It Irritable Bowel Syndrome? Your Digestive Symptoms

Is it irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?

Recently, I have been experiencing frequent abdominal pain, specifically on both sides of my abdomen.
My highest record was going to the bathroom three times in one day, and the stools were all watery.
After having a bowel movement, I felt somewhat relieved, but there were a few instances where the stools were formed.
Sometimes I have diarrhea, sometimes normal stools, and other times they are hard, but occasionally I also have thin stools.
However, there has been no presence of blood in the stools.

Regarding my weight, I had slightly restricted my diet, which resulted in a minor weight loss of about 1 kilogram, but I have recently regained my appetite and my weight has returned.
Two months ago, I experienced stomach pain and underwent an endoscopy, which revealed only mild inflammation.
At that time, I was very busy with my studies, so I suspect that it might be related to autonomic nervous system dysregulation, as I also have sleep issues.
When I experience stress, my stomach becomes uncomfortable, and I need to go to the bathroom.
My body seems to be in a state of distress.
Could this be irritable bowel syndrome? Thank you.

L, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2018/09/02

Dr. Chen Shidian reply Gastroenterology and Hepatology

Hello, it is very likely that you have Irritable Bowel Syndrome.
Please first check for occult blood in your stool.
Changhua Hospital cares about your health.
Chen Shidian

Reply Date: 2018/09/02

More Info

Based on the symptoms you've described, it is indeed possible that you may be experiencing Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). IBS is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by a combination of abdominal pain and altered bowel habits, which can include diarrhea, constipation, or a mix of both. The symptoms you mentioned—abdominal pain, frequent watery stools, and variations in stool consistency—align with the typical presentation of IBS.

Understanding IBS
IBS is diagnosed primarily based on clinical symptoms rather than specific tests. According to the Rome IV criteria, a diagnosis of IBS can be made if a patient experiences recurrent abdominal pain, on average, at least one day per week in the last three months, associated with two or more of the following criteria:
1. Related to defecation: The pain may improve or worsen with bowel movements.

2. Change in stool frequency: This can mean either an increase or decrease in how often you go.

3. Change in stool form: This includes variations from hard to loose stools.

Your experience of alternating between diarrhea and more formed stools, along with the abdominal pain that seems to improve after a bowel movement, fits well within this framework.

Potential Triggers
Several factors can contribute to the onset and exacerbation of IBS symptoms:
1. Diet: Certain foods can trigger symptoms in individuals with IBS. Common culprits include high-fat foods, dairy products, caffeine, and certain carbohydrates known as FODMAPs (fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols).

2. Stress: Psychological factors, including stress and anxiety, are known to influence gastrointestinal function. You mentioned experiencing stress related to your academic workload, which could be a significant factor in your symptoms.

3. Gut Motility: IBS is often associated with abnormal gut motility, which can lead to symptoms like diarrhea or constipation.

4. Sleep Issues: Poor sleep can exacerbate stress and digestive issues, creating a cycle that can worsen IBS symptoms.

Recommendations
Given your symptoms and the potential diagnosis of IBS, here are some steps you might consider:
1. Dietary Adjustments: Keeping a food diary can help identify any specific foods that may trigger your symptoms. You might also consider trying a low-FODMAP diet under the guidance of a healthcare professional.

2. Stress Management: Techniques such as mindfulness, yoga, or cognitive-behavioral therapy can be beneficial in managing stress and anxiety, which may help alleviate your gastrointestinal symptoms.

3. Regular Exercise: Physical activity can improve gut motility and reduce stress, potentially leading to symptom relief.

4. Consult a Specialist: It’s advisable to follow up with a gastroenterologist or a healthcare provider who specializes in digestive disorders. They can help rule out other conditions and provide tailored treatment options, which may include medications to manage symptoms.

5. Monitor Symptoms: Keep track of your symptoms, including their frequency, severity, and any potential triggers. This information can be valuable for your healthcare provider in determining the best course of action.

Conclusion
While IBS is a likely consideration given your symptoms, it is essential to consult with a healthcare professional for a thorough evaluation and personalized treatment plan. They can help ensure that other potential gastrointestinal issues are ruled out and provide you with strategies to manage your symptoms effectively. Remember, managing IBS often requires a multifaceted approach that includes dietary changes, stress management, and possibly medication.

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