Can I Get Pregnant After Unprotected Sex During Ovulation?

Can I get pregnant?

Hello doctor, I would like to ask if I had unprotected intercourse with my boyfriend twice during my fertile period, with about 28 hours in between, and took emergency contraception immediately after the second time, what is the likelihood of pregnancy? I also have some issues with endometriosis...
I'm a bit worried that taking emergency contraception might worsen my condition.

77, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2018/09/12

Dr. Huang Yuande reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

The use of emergency contraceptive pills must occur within 48 hours to be effective.
If taken within this timeframe, it is effective; however, this is not a standard method of contraception.
While it may not significantly impact endometriosis, it can still disrupt the menstrual cycle.
Thank you for your question.

Reply Date: 2018/09/12

More Info

When it comes to the possibility of getting pregnant after unprotected sex during ovulation, the risk is indeed significant. Ovulation is the time in a woman's menstrual cycle when an egg is released from the ovary, making it the most fertile period. If you have unprotected sex during this time, especially with ejaculation inside the vagina, the chances of conception increase dramatically.

In your case, you mentioned having unprotected sex twice during your fertile window, with a 28-hour gap between the two instances. This timing is crucial because sperm can live inside the female reproductive tract for up to five days, and if ovulation occurs shortly after intercourse, the likelihood of sperm meeting an egg is high.
Taking emergency contraception (commonly referred to as the "morning-after pill") immediately after unprotected sex can significantly reduce the risk of pregnancy. These pills work best when taken as soon as possible after intercourse, ideally within 72 hours, but some types can be effective up to five days later. However, the sooner you take it, the more effective it will be. Since you took the emergency contraceptive right after the second instance of unprotected sex, you have taken a proactive step to minimize the risk of pregnancy.

Regarding your concern about endometriosis, it is important to note that taking emergency contraception should not exacerbate the condition. Endometriosis is a condition where tissue similar to the lining inside the uterus grows outside of it, which can cause pain and other complications. The hormones in emergency contraceptives may cause some temporary side effects, such as changes in your menstrual cycle or increased cramping, but they do not worsen endometriosis itself. However, if you have severe symptoms or concerns, it would be wise to consult your healthcare provider for personalized advice.

In summary, while the risk of pregnancy after unprotected sex during ovulation is high, taking emergency contraception promptly can significantly reduce that risk. If you have any ongoing concerns about your reproductive health, including the impact of endometriosis or the effectiveness of emergency contraception, it is advisable to speak with a healthcare professional who can provide tailored guidance and support. Additionally, if you experience any unusual symptoms after taking the emergency contraceptive, such as severe abdominal pain or heavy bleeding, seek medical attention promptly.

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