Menstrual Irregularities and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Your Questions Answered

Menstrual irregularities and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)?

Hello, Doctor: Recently, my menstrual period has been delayed for two months.
I visited a gynecologist, a traditional Chinese medicine clinic, and even a large hospital, where an ultrasound revealed the presence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
The doctor prescribed a medication called "Tingqing Tablet" for me.
I would like to ask what type of medication this is—an ovulation drug, a contraceptive, or a menstrual induction drug? Additionally, considering my history of fibrocystic breast disease and fibroadenomas, will taking this medication affect my breast cysts and tumors? Lastly, will my menstrual cycle become dependent on this medication (meaning it will only occur when I take the medication and not otherwise)? Could you please address these three questions? Thank you! :)

Jia You Mei Shao Nu, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2018/09/27

Dr. Cao Guotao reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Hello, Tingqing tablets are similar to contraceptive pills and generally do not affect fibrocystic breast changes or fibroadenomas.
The primary purpose of taking Tingqing tablets is to regulate menstruation.
If you do not take them, your period may not come.
If you have further concerns, you may consult your regular obstetrician-gynecologist.
Wishing you good health.

Reply Date: 2018/09/27

More Info

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disorder that affects many women of reproductive age. It is characterized by a combination of symptoms, including irregular menstrual cycles, elevated levels of male hormones (androgens), and polycystic ovaries. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for PCOS is crucial for managing the condition effectively.

Causes of PCOS
The exact cause of PCOS is not fully understood, but several factors are believed to contribute to its development. These include:
1. Hormonal Imbalance: Women with PCOS often have elevated levels of androgens, which can lead to symptoms such as excessive hair growth, acne, and irregular periods.

2. Insulin Resistance: Many women with PCOS have insulin resistance, which means their bodies do not respond effectively to insulin. This can lead to higher insulin levels, which may increase androgen production and contribute to weight gain and difficulty in ovulation.

3. Genetics: There is a hereditary component to PCOS, as it often runs in families.

Symptoms of PCOS
Symptoms can vary widely among women, but common signs include:
- Irregular or absent menstrual periods
- Excessive hair growth on the face and body (hirsutism)
- Acne and oily skin
- Thinning hair or male-pattern baldness
- Weight gain or difficulty losing weight
- Skin changes, such as dark patches or skin tags

Treatment Options
While there is currently no cure for PCOS, various treatment options can help manage symptoms and reduce the risk of complications. These include:
1. Lifestyle Modifications: Weight loss through diet and exercise can significantly improve symptoms and restore normal menstrual cycles. Even a modest weight loss of 5-10% can have beneficial effects.

2. Medications:
- Hormonal Birth Control: Oral contraceptives can help regulate menstrual cycles, reduce androgen levels, and improve acne and hirsutism.

- Metformin: This medication is often used to improve insulin sensitivity and can help with weight management and menstrual regularity.

- Anti-androgens: Medications like spironolactone can help reduce hair growth and acne by blocking the effects of androgens.

3. Fertility Treatments: For women trying to conceive, medications such as clomiphene citrate or letrozole may be prescribed to induce ovulation.

Addressing Your Concerns
Regarding the medication "婷晴錠" (Tingqing tablet), it is typically a combination oral contraceptive pill. These pills are primarily used for regulating menstrual cycles and can also help manage symptoms of PCOS by providing hormonal balance. They are not classified as ovulation-inducing drugs or purely menstrual induction medications.

1. Impact on Fibrocystic Breast Changes: Since you have fibrocystic breast changes and adenomas, it is essential to discuss this with your healthcare provider. Generally, hormonal contraceptives can sometimes help alleviate breast tenderness associated with fibrocystic changes, but individual responses can vary. Regular monitoring is advisable.

2. Dependence on Medication: Many women find that their menstrual cycles become more regular while taking hormonal contraceptives. However, once the medication is stopped, some may experience a return to irregular cycles. This is not uncommon in PCOS, as the underlying hormonal imbalance may persist. It’s essential to have a discussion with your doctor about what to expect after discontinuing the medication.

3. Monitoring and Follow-Up: Regular follow-ups with your healthcare provider are crucial to monitor your symptoms, adjust treatment as necessary, and ensure that any potential side effects are managed effectively.

In conclusion, PCOS is a manageable condition with a variety of treatment options available. It is essential to work closely with your healthcare provider to tailor a treatment plan that addresses your specific symptoms and concerns. Regular monitoring and lifestyle changes can significantly improve your quality of life and reproductive health.

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