Fecal Occult Blood Test Results: What Do They Mean? - Gastroenterology and Hepatology

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The Fecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT) is a screening tool used to detect hidden (occult) blood in the stool, which can be an indicator of various gastrointestinal conditions, including colorectal cancer, polyps, or other disorders. Understanding the results of this test is crucial for determining the next steps in your healthcare.

In your case, you mentioned that your FOBT result was 75. The interpretation of this result can vary depending on the specific test used and the laboratory's reference ranges. Generally, a result below a certain threshold (often 100 ng/mL for many tests) is considered normal, while results above this threshold may indicate the presence of blood in the stool, warranting further investigation.

1. Understanding the Reference Range: You noted that your doctor mentioned that results below 100 are considered normal. This is a common threshold for many FOBT tests. However, some tests may have different reference ranges, and it’s essential to refer to the specific guidelines provided by the laboratory that conducted your test. The confusion regarding the "12" you found in your research could relate to different types of tests or methodologies, as some tests may have stricter cutoffs.

2. Next Steps: Given that your result is 75, which is below the 100 threshold, it may not immediately indicate a serious issue. However, the presence of any blood in the stool should be taken seriously, especially if you have risk factors for colorectal cancer or if you experience symptoms such as changes in bowel habits, unexplained weight loss, or abdominal pain.

3. Recommendation for Colonoscopy: The decision to proceed with a colonoscopy often depends on several factors, including your age, family history of colorectal cancer, personal medical history, and any symptoms you may be experiencing. While your result of 75 is below the threshold that typically triggers immediate concern, many healthcare providers recommend a colonoscopy if there is any indication of blood in the stool, especially if you are over the age of 50 or have risk factors for colorectal cancer.

4. Consulting Your Healthcare Provider: It’s essential to have a detailed discussion with your healthcare provider regarding your FOBT results. They can provide personalized recommendations based on your overall health, family history, and any symptoms you may have. If they suggest a colonoscopy, it is likely to ensure that there are no underlying issues that need to be addressed.

5. Importance of Regular Screening: If you are over 45 or have a family history of colorectal cancer, regular screening is crucial. The FOBT is just one method of screening; other options include flexible sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy. Each method has its advantages and disadvantages, and your healthcare provider can help you choose the best option for your situation.

In summary, while your FOBT result of 75 is below the commonly accepted threshold of 100, it is still advisable to discuss this result with your healthcare provider. They can help determine whether further testing, such as a colonoscopy, is necessary based on your individual risk factors and health history. Regular screenings are vital for early detection and prevention of colorectal cancer, so staying proactive about your health is essential.