Is It Normal to Experience Symptoms After Taking Emergency Contraceptive?

Is it normal to experience these symptoms after taking emergency contraceptive pills?

Hello, doctor: I finished my menstrual period on February 20, and on March 2, I had sexual intercourse with my boyfriend.
We used a condom, but it broke.
He did not ejaculate inside, but there were some secretions.
I took emergency contraception within an hour.
That day, I noticed some vaginal discharge, and on March 3, I also had some discharge and experienced vomiting.
Are these normal bodily reactions? Is there a chance I could be pregnant?

Xiao Yu, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2019/03/03

Dr. Zhang Kunmin reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Hello, the emergency contraceptive pill primarily contains high doses of female hormones/progesterone, which can lead to side effects such as nausea, vomiting, and bloating.
The effectiveness of emergency contraception varies depending on the timing of administration after intercourse: taking it within 24 hours provides a 95% effectiveness rate.
It is advisable to consult a physician if your period is more than a week late.
Thank you! Wishing you safety and health, Dr.
Zhang.

Reply Date: 2019/03/03

More Info

It is understandable to feel concerned after experiencing symptoms following the use of emergency contraception. Let's break down your situation and the potential effects of taking emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs), as well as the likelihood of pregnancy.

Emergency contraceptive pills, such as Plan B or Ella, are designed to prevent pregnancy after unprotected intercourse or contraceptive failure, such as a broken condom. These pills work primarily by delaying ovulation, preventing fertilization, or inhibiting implantation of a fertilized egg. They are most effective when taken as soon as possible after the incident, ideally within 72 hours, but some types can be effective up to 120 hours after.

After taking ECPs, it is common to experience a range of side effects due to the hormonal changes they induce. These side effects can include:
1. Nausea and Vomiting: Many individuals report feeling nauseous after taking ECPs. If vomiting occurs within two hours of taking the pill, it is advisable to consult a healthcare provider, as this may affect the pill's effectiveness.

2. Changes in Menstrual Cycle: ECPs can cause your next period to be earlier, later, or heavier than usual. Some individuals may also experience spotting or changes in discharge, such as increased white discharge, which can be a normal response to hormonal fluctuations.

3. Breast Tenderness: Hormonal changes can lead to breast tenderness or swelling.

4. Fatigue and Headaches: Some people report feeling more tired or experiencing headaches after taking ECPs.

Regarding your specific symptoms of increased white discharge and vomiting, these can be normal reactions to the hormonal changes caused by the emergency contraceptive. However, if the vomiting is severe or persistent, or if you have any other concerning symptoms, it is important to seek medical advice.

As for the likelihood of pregnancy, since you took the emergency contraceptive pill within one hour of the condom breaking, the chances of becoming pregnant are significantly reduced. However, no contraceptive method is 100% effective. If your period is delayed by more than a week from when you expect it, or if you have any other concerns, it would be wise to take a pregnancy test or consult with a healthcare provider for further evaluation.

In summary, experiencing symptoms such as nausea, changes in discharge, and alterations in your menstrual cycle after taking emergency contraception can be normal. However, if you have any doubts or if your symptoms worsen, do not hesitate to reach out to a healthcare professional for personalized advice and support. Your health and peace of mind are important, and a healthcare provider can help clarify any uncertainties you may have.

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