Visual Disturbances in High Myopia: Causes and Concerns - Ophthalmology

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Visual disturbances in individuals with high myopia can be a complex issue, often stemming from a combination of anatomical changes in the eye and potential external factors. In your case, the symptoms you describe—such as the appearance of numerous white or black spots, especially in low-light conditions—are not uncommon among those with high myopia.
High myopia, defined as a refractive error greater than -6.00 diopters, is associated with various ocular complications, including changes in the vitreous body, retinal thinning, and an increased risk of retinal detachment. The vitreous humor, which is the gel-like substance filling the eye, can undergo liquefaction and posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) in individuals with high myopia. This process can lead to visual disturbances such as floaters or flashes of light, which may be perceived as white or black spots in your visual field.

The phenomenon you mentioned, resembling "visual snow," can also occur in high myopia. This condition is characterized by the perception of small, flickering dots across the visual field, often exacerbated by certain lighting conditions. While the exact cause of visual snow is still being researched, it is thought to be related to the way the brain processes visual information, possibly influenced by the structural changes in the eye associated with high myopia.

Regarding your concern about the potential effects of low-power laser exposure, it is essential to note that while high-intensity lasers can indeed cause retinal damage, low-power lasers are generally considered safe. However, if you have experienced visual disturbances following exposure to any form of laser, it is crucial to discuss this with your eye care provider, as they can perform a thorough examination to rule out any potential damage or complications.

As for your question about the relationship between myopia and the elongation of the eyeball, it is important to understand that myopia occurs when the eye grows too long relative to its focusing power. In a normally shaped eye, light rays focus directly on the retina. However, in myopic eyes, the elongation causes light to focus in front of the retina, leading to blurred distance vision. The elongation of the eyeball is a result of genetic and environmental factors, and it is a compensatory mechanism that allows the eye to focus light more effectively on the retina, albeit at the cost of distance vision clarity.

In summary, the visual disturbances you are experiencing are likely related to the structural changes associated with high myopia, including vitreous liquefaction and potential retinal involvement. It is essential to maintain regular follow-ups with your eye care provider to monitor your condition and address any new or worsening symptoms. If you have concerns about specific incidents, such as laser exposure, do not hesitate to bring them up during your next appointment. Your eye health is paramount, and understanding the underlying causes of your symptoms is the first step toward effective management.