Proteinuria: When to Seek Medical Attention

Q: Proteinuria: When to Seek Medical Attention

Hello： When visiting a nephrologist, wishing you good health. <br>The urine test is for reference purposes, so there is no need to be anxious.

Urinary protein 3+++

Last September, during a health check-up, my urine test showed three pluses for protein.
In December, I went to a clinic for a urine test, and the result was (-/+).
Later that month, the school tested my urine again with a dipstick, and the result was 2 pluses.
Should I schedule a follow-up appointment? All tests were done using morning urine.
Currently, I am self-assessing my lower extremity edema as 2 pluses.
Should I seek medical attention promptly?

Miss Hong, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2019/04/15

Dr. Du Shixi reply Urology

Hello: When visiting a nephrologist, wishing you good health.
The urine test is for reference purposes, so there is no need to be anxious.

Reply Date: 2019/04/15

More Info

When it comes to proteinuria, which is the presence of excess protein in the urine, it is essential to understand its implications and when to seek medical attention. Your situation, where you have had varying results in urine tests for protein levels, raises some important considerations.

First, let's clarify what proteinuria means. Normally, urine contains very little protein. When the kidneys are functioning correctly, they filter out waste while retaining essential proteins. However, when there is damage to the kidneys or other underlying health issues, proteins can leak into the urine, leading to proteinuria. The presence of protein in urine can be classified as mild, moderate, or severe, depending on the amount detected.

In your case, you mentioned that your urine tests showed varying levels of protein: three pluses (3+) in September, a negative to trace result (-/+) in December, and then a result of two pluses (2++) from a school test. These fluctuations can occur for several reasons, including hydration status, physical activity, and even stress. For instance, dehydration or intense exercise can temporarily increase protein levels in urine, leading to transient proteinuria.

The presence of lower extremity edema (swelling) that you are experiencing is particularly concerning. Edema can be a sign of various conditions, including kidney dysfunction, heart issues, or other systemic problems. Given that you have noted a consistent presence of protein in your urine and are experiencing swelling, it is advisable to seek medical attention promptly. A healthcare provider can perform further evaluations, including blood tests to assess kidney function (such as serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels), and possibly a 24-hour urine collection to quantify protein loss accurately.

Additionally, the presence of proteinuria can indicate underlying conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, or glomerulonephritis, which may require specific management. If you have any risk factors for kidney disease, such as a family history, diabetes, or hypertension, it becomes even more critical to follow up with a healthcare provider.

In summary, while transient proteinuria may not always indicate a severe problem, the combination of your fluctuating test results and the presence of edema suggests that further evaluation is warranted. It is essential to consult with a healthcare professional who can assess your symptoms, perform necessary tests, and provide a tailored management plan. Early intervention can be crucial in preventing potential complications related to kidney health and overall well-being.

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