Finger Pain: Causes and When to Seek Medical Help - Family Medicine

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Finger pain can be a complex issue, and understanding its causes is crucial for determining when to seek medical help. Based on your description, it seems you have been experiencing pain in your fingers since high school, particularly when exerting force or after prolonged exposure to water. Additionally, you mentioned that your nails turn purple after being submerged for too long. These symptoms can indicate several underlying conditions, and it is essential to consider them carefully.

First, let's explore some potential causes of your finger pain:
1. Overuse Injuries: If you engage in activities that require repetitive finger movements or gripping, such as playing musical instruments or sports, you may be experiencing overuse injuries. Conditions like tendinitis or tenosynovitis can cause pain and discomfort in the fingers.

2. Nerve Compression: Conditions such as carpal tunnel syndrome or ulnar nerve entrapment can lead to pain, tingling, or numbness in the fingers. These conditions occur when nerves in the wrist or elbow are compressed, affecting finger function.

3. Circulatory Issues: The fact that your nails turn purple after being in water for an extended period may suggest a circulatory issue. Conditions like Raynaud's phenomenon can cause blood vessels to constrict excessively in response to cold or stress, leading to color changes in the fingers and pain.

4. Infections or Inflammatory Conditions: If there is swelling, redness, or warmth in the fingers, it could indicate an infection or inflammatory condition, such as arthritis. Rheumatoid arthritis or psoriatic arthritis can lead to joint pain and swelling in the fingers.

5. Dermatological Issues: Prolonged exposure to water can lead to skin conditions such as eczema or contact dermatitis, which can cause discomfort and pain in the fingers.

Given the variety of potential causes, it is advisable to seek medical attention, especially since your symptoms have persisted for an extended period. Here are some recommendations on how to proceed:
- Consult a Primary Care Physician: Start by visiting your primary care physician, who can evaluate your symptoms and medical history. They may perform a physical examination and order necessary tests, such as blood tests or imaging studies, to determine the underlying cause of your finger pain.

- Referral to a Specialist: Depending on the findings, your primary care physician may refer you to a specialist. If overuse or nerve compression is suspected, an appointment with an orthopedic surgeon or a hand specialist may be appropriate. If circulatory issues are a concern, a visit to a vascular specialist may be warranted.

- Physical Therapy: If your condition is related to overuse or musculoskeletal issues, physical therapy may be beneficial. A physical therapist can provide exercises to strengthen the fingers and improve flexibility, which can alleviate pain.

- Lifestyle Modifications: In the meantime, consider modifying your activities to reduce strain on your fingers. Take regular breaks during repetitive tasks, and avoid prolonged exposure to water if it exacerbates your symptoms.

In conclusion, while finger pain can arise from various causes, it is essential to seek medical advice to obtain an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Early intervention can help prevent further complications and improve your quality of life. Don't hesitate to reach out to a healthcare professional to discuss your symptoms and concerns.