Hematospermia: When to Seek Medical Attention - Urology

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Hematospermia, or the presence of blood in semen, can be a concerning symptom for many individuals. It is important to understand the potential causes and when to seek medical attention. In your case, experiencing hematospermia intermittently, especially with a change in the color of the blood, warrants careful consideration.

First, let's discuss the common causes of hematospermia. This condition can arise from various sources, including:
1. Infection or Inflammation: Conditions such as prostatitis (inflammation of the prostate), epididymitis (inflammation of the epididymis), or urethritis (inflammation of the urethra) can lead to blood in the semen. These infections may also present with other symptoms such as pain during urination, pelvic pain, or fever.

2. Trauma: Any injury to the genital area, whether from vigorous sexual activity, a medical procedure, or an accident, can result in hematospermia. If you have engaged in activities that could have caused trauma, this might explain the symptom.

3. Vascular Issues: Sometimes, small blood vessels in the reproductive tract can rupture, leading to temporary bleeding. This is often self-limiting and may resolve on its own.

4. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH): In older men, an enlarged prostate can lead to blood in the semen due to increased vascularity or pressure in the area.

5. Malignancy: Although less common, hematospermia can be a sign of prostate cancer or other malignancies in the reproductive system. This is particularly a concern if the bleeding persists or is accompanied by other alarming symptoms.

Given that you experienced hematospermia in April, which resolved, and then had a recurrence with darker red blood, it is advisable to seek medical attention. While it is possible that the condition may resolve on its own, the change in color and recurrence suggests that it could be indicative of an underlying issue that requires evaluation.

When you visit a healthcare provider, they may perform a physical examination and recommend tests such as:
- Urinalysis: To check for signs of infection or blood in the urine.

- Semen Analysis: To evaluate the semen for any abnormalities.

- Imaging Studies: Such as an ultrasound of the scrotum or pelvis to assess for any structural issues.

- Prostate Examination: A digital rectal exam may be performed to evaluate the prostate.

In summary, while hematospermia can sometimes be benign and self-limiting, the recurrence and change in the characteristics of the blood you described suggest that it is prudent to seek medical evaluation. Early diagnosis and treatment of any underlying conditions can help prevent complications and ensure your overall health. It is always better to err on the side of caution when it comes to symptoms involving blood.