Dark Spot on the White of the Eye: Causes and When to Seek Help - Ophthalmology

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When it comes to noticing a dark spot on the white part of the eye (the sclera), especially one that has appeared recently and is located near the corner of the eye, it is understandable to feel concerned. The appearance of such spots can be attributed to several factors, and while they may not always indicate a serious condition, it is essential to monitor them closely.

The dark brown spot you described could potentially be a form of pigmentation known as a "conjunctival nevus" or a "pinguecula." A conjunctival nevus is a benign growth of pigmented cells on the conjunctiva, which is the clear membrane covering the white part of the eye. These nevi are generally harmless and do not typically affect vision. On the other hand, a pinguecula is a yellowish, raised growth that can occur due to sun exposure, dry eyes, or irritation. It is also usually benign.

In your case, since the spot is deep brown and located near the cornea, it is crucial to differentiate between benign conditions and more serious issues, such as a melanoma, which is a type of skin cancer that can occur in the eye. While melanomas in the conjunctiva are rare, they can occur and may require more urgent evaluation.

You mentioned that there is no noticeable impact on your vision and that you do not experience discomfort, which is a positive sign. However, the fact that the spot has not diminished over the past month warrants further investigation. It is advisable to consult an ophthalmologist for a comprehensive eye examination. During this examination, the doctor can assess the characteristics of the spot, including its size, shape, color, and any associated changes in the surrounding tissue.

Regarding your question about whether a biopsy is necessary to determine if the spot is benign or malignant, it is not always the first step. An ophthalmologist may first perform a thorough examination, possibly including imaging tests like ultrasound or optical coherence tomography (OCT), to evaluate the lesion's structure. If there is any suspicion of malignancy based on these assessments, a biopsy may be recommended to obtain a definitive diagnosis.

In summary, while the dark spot on your eye may be benign, it is essential to have it evaluated by a healthcare professional. Regular monitoring and professional assessment are key to ensuring that any changes in the spot's appearance or associated symptoms are addressed promptly. If you notice any changes in your vision, increased discomfort, or if the spot begins to grow, seek medical attention immediately. Early detection and treatment are crucial in managing any potential eye conditions effectively.