Pregnancy Chances After Unprotected Intercourse and Emergency Contraception

Probability of Pregnancy

Hello, doctor.
My last menstrual period was from September 21 to September 26.
I had unprotected intercourse with my boyfriend on September 25, but he withdrew within five minutes.
I took the emergency contraceptive pill within two hours.
I experienced bleeding around October 1, but it wasn't just a little; it was similar to the third day of a normal period and lasted for four days.
If I hadn't taken the emergency contraceptive pill, I would expect my period to start today, but it hasn't come.
Is this normal? Should I observe for a few more days? What is the likelihood of pregnancy? If I took the emergency contraceptive pill, when can I expect my period to arrive?

PP, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2019/10/18

Dr. Huang Jianzhong reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

The last menstrual period was from September 21 to September 26.
On September 25, I had unprotected intercourse with my boyfriend, but he withdrew within five minutes.
I took the emergency contraceptive pill within two hours.
Around October 1, I experienced bleeding, which was not light but similar to the third day of a normal period, lasting for four days.
If I hadn't taken the emergency contraceptive pill, my period should have started today, but it hasn't.
Is this normal, doctor?
Answer: Yes, it is advisable to observe for a few more days.
Is the chance of pregnancy high?
Answer: The chance of pregnancy is low.
If I took the emergency contraceptive pill, when can I expect my period?
Answer: It is not certain.

Reply Date: 2019/10/18

More Info

When it comes to understanding pregnancy chances after unprotected intercourse and the use of emergency contraception, several factors come into play. Based on your timeline, you had unprotected intercourse on September 25, and you took emergency contraception (EC) within two hours. You experienced some bleeding around October 1, which lasted for about four days. Now, you are concerned about the absence of your expected menstrual period.

Firstly, it's important to understand how emergency contraception works. EC is designed to prevent ovulation, fertilization, or implantation of a fertilized egg. The effectiveness of EC is highest when taken as soon as possible after unprotected intercourse, ideally within 72 hours, but some types can be effective up to five days later. Since you took the EC within two hours, you maximized your chances of preventing pregnancy.

The bleeding you experienced after taking the EC could be a side effect of the medication. It is not uncommon for women to experience changes in their menstrual cycle after taking EC, which can include spotting or bleeding that resembles a period. This bleeding does not necessarily indicate that you are not pregnant; rather, it may be a response to the hormonal changes induced by the EC.

Regarding your missed period, it is essential to note that EC can cause your next menstrual cycle to be delayed or altered. Some women may experience their period earlier, while others may have a delay of a week or more. If your period does not arrive within a week of when you expect it, it would be advisable to take a home pregnancy test for confirmation. These tests are generally reliable and can provide you with a clearer understanding of your pregnancy status.

As for the likelihood of pregnancy, while the use of EC significantly reduces the chances of becoming pregnant, no method is 100% effective. Factors such as the timing of your ovulation and the timing of the unprotected intercourse relative to your ovulation cycle can influence your chances. If you were close to your ovulation window, there is still a possibility of pregnancy, albeit reduced.

In summary, it is normal for your menstrual cycle to be irregular after taking emergency contraception. You should monitor your body for any further signs, and if your period does not arrive within a week of its expected date, consider taking a pregnancy test. If you have any concerns or experience unusual symptoms, it is always best to consult with a healthcare provider for personalized advice and guidance.

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