Light or Absent Periods After Taking Birth Control Pills

After taking the oral contraceptive pill, menstrual bleeding may be lighter than usual or even absent?

I have been taking the oral contraceptive pill for about five months.
Since I started, my menstrual flow has gradually decreased, and last month it was nearly nonexistent.
Is this normal? However, I still experience various premenstrual discomforts.
Last month, I missed one pill and took two the next day.
A few days later, I had bleeding that lasted about five days.
I started a new pack of birth control pills on the fifth day after the bleeding, and today is the 26th day; I have started taking the second placebo pill but have not had a menstrual period.
During this time, I have had unprotected intercourse.
If I want to take a pregnancy test, when would be the best time to do so? Additionally, with the continuous use of oral contraceptives, is there a risk of pregnancy? Thank you for your response.

Miss Tong, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2020/02/07

Dr. Zhang Kunmin reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Hello, the benefits of taking Combined Oral Contraceptives (COCs) include effective contraception, regulation of the menstrual cycle, reduction of menstrual flow, and shortening the duration of menstrual bleeding.
These effects contribute positively to women's health.
COCs must be taken at the same time every day, and when taken correctly, they can achieve up to 99% effectiveness in preventing pregnancy.
It is recommended to start taking them on the first day of menstruation, ideally at the same time each day for 21 consecutive days.
After completing the 21 pills, a seven-day break is taken, during which menstruation will occur.
Thank you! Wishing you peace and health.
Dr.
Zhang

Reply Date: 2020/02/07

More Info

When it comes to understanding light or absent periods after taking birth control pills, it’s essential to recognize how hormonal contraceptives work and their effects on the menstrual cycle. Birth control pills contain hormones that regulate the menstrual cycle, and one of the common side effects is a change in menstrual flow.
In your case, you mentioned that after starting the birth control pills, your menstrual flow has gradually decreased, and you experienced almost no bleeding last month. This can be a normal response to hormonal contraceptives. Many women find that their periods become lighter, shorter, or even absent altogether after several months of consistent use. This phenomenon is often referred to as "amenorrhea," which is the absence of menstruation. It can occur due to the hormonal changes induced by the pills, which can suppress the endometrial lining's growth, leading to lighter periods or no periods at all.

You also noted experiencing premenstrual symptoms despite the absence of a significant menstrual flow. This is not uncommon, as hormonal fluctuations can still trigger symptoms like bloating, mood swings, or cramping even if menstruation is light or absent.
Regarding the missed pill and subsequent bleeding, it’s important to understand that missing a pill can disrupt the hormonal balance temporarily. Taking two pills the next day is a good practice to maintain the effectiveness of the contraceptive method. The bleeding you experienced after missing a pill could be a withdrawal bleed, which is not the same as a regular menstrual period.

As for your concern about pregnancy, if you have been taking your birth control pills consistently and correctly, the likelihood of becoming pregnant is significantly reduced. However, since you mentioned having unprotected intercourse, it’s prudent to consider a pregnancy test. The best time to take a pregnancy test is at least one week after your missed period or about two weeks after potential conception. This timing allows for the hormone hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin), which is produced during pregnancy, to reach detectable levels in your urine.

If you continue to experience absent periods and are concerned about the possibility of pregnancy, or if you have any unusual symptoms, it would be wise to consult with a healthcare provider. They can offer personalized advice and may suggest alternative contraceptive methods if the current one is causing significant changes in your menstrual cycle that are concerning to you.

In summary, light or absent periods while on birth control can be a normal side effect, especially after several months of use. However, if you have missed pills or are experiencing unusual symptoms, it’s essential to monitor your situation closely and consult with a healthcare professional for further evaluation and guidance.

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