Can Chronic Gastritis Lead to Anemia? the Connection

Can gastritis lead to anemia?

Hello doctor, I have been suffering from chronic gastritis for over a year.
Recently, I have been experiencing dizziness, and after going to the hospital, I was diagnosed with mild anemia.
When I returned to the hospital a week later, my hemoglobin level had dropped to 3.6.
Could this be caused by my gastritis?

Hong, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2020/03/01

Dr. Chen Shidian reply Gastroenterology and Hepatology

Gastrointestinal bleeding should be ruled out first.

Reply Date: 2020/03/01

More Info

Chronic gastritis can indeed lead to anemia, particularly in cases where the inflammation affects the stomach lining's ability to produce intrinsic factor, which is essential for vitamin B12 absorption. This condition is known as pernicious anemia. Additionally, chronic gastritis can cause gastrointestinal bleeding, which can further contribute to anemia due to the loss of red blood cells.
In your case, the development of mild anemia after having chronic gastritis for over a year raises concerns about the underlying mechanisms at play. The significant drop in hemoglobin levels to 3.6 g/dL is alarming and requires immediate medical attention. Such a low hemoglobin level can lead to severe symptoms, including dizziness, fatigue, and even more serious complications like heart failure if not addressed promptly.

Chronic gastritis can be caused by various factors, including Helicobacter pylori infection, excessive alcohol consumption, prolonged use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and autoimmune conditions. If the gastritis is due to H. pylori, it can lead to chronic inflammation and ulceration of the stomach lining, which can cause bleeding. This bleeding can be microscopic and may not be easily detected, but over time, it can lead to significant blood loss and anemia.

In your situation, it is crucial to investigate the cause of your chronic gastritis further. A gastroenterologist may recommend additional tests, such as an endoscopy, to visualize the stomach lining and possibly take biopsies to check for H. pylori or other abnormalities. If H. pylori is present, treatment typically involves a combination of antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) to eradicate the infection and reduce stomach acid.

Moreover, if your anemia is due to vitamin B12 deficiency, treatment may involve vitamin B12 injections or high-dose oral supplements, depending on the severity of the deficiency and the underlying cause. It is also essential to monitor your iron levels, as chronic blood loss can lead to iron deficiency anemia as well.

In summary, chronic gastritis can indeed lead to anemia through mechanisms such as impaired absorption of nutrients and gastrointestinal bleeding. Given your significant drop in hemoglobin levels, it is vital to seek immediate medical attention to determine the underlying cause and initiate appropriate treatment. Regular follow-ups with your healthcare provider are essential to monitor your condition and adjust treatment as necessary.

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