Can Injury to the Genital Area Affect Your Menstrual Cycle?

Can an injury affect the menstrual cycle?

The incident occurred four days ago, where there was an impact near the labia majora, resulting in swelling, bruising, and bleeding.
The swelling has decreased, but my menstrual period is delayed.
My last period ended on March 8, so I was expecting my next one around April 7, which would be exactly one month later.
I'm wondering if the injury could affect my menstrual cycle.

BB, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2020/04/10

Dr. Wu Xianghui reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Abnormal menstrual cycles can be caused by a variety of factors.
It is recommended to consult a specialist in obstetrics and gynecology for evaluation.

Reply Date: 2020/04/10

More Info

Injuries to the genital area can indeed have an impact on your menstrual cycle, although the relationship may not be direct. The menstrual cycle is regulated by a complex interplay of hormones produced by the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and ovaries. Any trauma or injury, especially in the pelvic region, can potentially disrupt this hormonal balance, leading to changes in your menstrual cycle.

When you experience trauma to the genital area, such as the injury you described, your body may respond in several ways. First, the injury can cause inflammation and stress, which can lead to the release of stress hormones like cortisol. Elevated cortisol levels can interfere with the normal functioning of the reproductive hormones, potentially delaying ovulation or menstruation. Additionally, if there is significant pain or discomfort, it may also affect your overall well-being and stress levels, further impacting your menstrual cycle.

In your case, since you mentioned swelling, bruising, and bleeding in the area, it is possible that the injury has caused enough physiological stress to delay your menstrual cycle. The body often prioritizes healing from an injury over other functions, including menstruation. It is also worth noting that the menstrual cycle can be influenced by various factors, including stress, changes in weight, exercise, and overall health.
If your menstrual cycle does not resume within a reasonable time frame, or if you experience additional symptoms such as severe pain, heavy bleeding, or any signs of infection (like fever or increased swelling), it would be advisable to seek medical attention. A healthcare provider can perform a thorough examination and may recommend imaging studies or blood tests to assess any underlying issues.

In summary, while an injury to the genital area can potentially affect your menstrual cycle due to hormonal disruptions and stress responses, it is essential to monitor your symptoms and consult a healthcare professional if you have concerns. They can provide personalized advice and treatment options based on your specific situation.

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