Can You Take Emergency Contraceptive Pills While on Birth Control?

Simultaneous use of pre-exposure and post-exposure contraceptive pills?

Hello Doctor, I have been taking the oral contraceptive pill (Yaz) for ten months now.
Today is the 10th day of this month's cycle.
On the 4th day of this month, I had unprotected intercourse and ejaculation, although I have been taking my pills on time.
I was a bit worried, so I purchased an emergency contraceptive pill (levonorgestrel 1.5mg) and continued taking my regular contraceptive pill.
Then, tonight, I had intercourse with my boyfriend (without a condom, but he withdrew before ejaculation).
I would like to ask you: 1) Will taking the emergency contraceptive pill (levonorgestrel) while on the regular contraceptive pill affect the efficacy of the ongoing contraceptive method? Or will it have no impact? 2) Given that I had unprotected intercourse today, what is the likelihood of pregnancy? Should I take the emergency contraceptive pill? Thank you very much for your patience in reading this.

Niming, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2020/04/19

Dr. Cao Guotao reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Hello, there is no need to take emergency contraception.
Wishing you good health.

Reply Date: 2020/04/19

More Info

When it comes to the use of emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) while on regular birth control, there are several important factors to consider. First, it’s essential to understand how both types of contraceptives work and their potential interactions.

1. Effectiveness of Birth Control Pills: If you have been consistently taking your birth control pills (in this case, "悅己") as prescribed for ten months, they should be effective in preventing pregnancy. Birth control pills work primarily by preventing ovulation, thickening cervical mucus, and thinning the uterine lining. When taken correctly, they are over 99% effective at preventing pregnancy.

2. Using Emergency Contraceptive Pills (ECPs): Levonorgestrel (1.5 mg) is a commonly used emergency contraceptive pill that can be taken after unprotected intercourse to prevent pregnancy. It is most effective when taken as soon as possible after the incident, ideally within 72 hours, but it can work up to 5 days after unprotected sex, although its effectiveness decreases over time.

3. Interaction Between ECPs and Birth Control Pills: Taking ECPs while on regular birth control pills does not typically render the birth control pills ineffective. The ECPs are designed to provide an additional layer of protection in case of contraceptive failure (e.g., missed pills, condom breakage). However, it’s important to note that ECPs can cause temporary hormonal fluctuations, which may lead to irregular bleeding or changes in your menstrual cycle.

4. Risk of Pregnancy: Regarding your concern about the risk of pregnancy after having unprotected sex (even with withdrawal), it’s important to remember that withdrawal is not a reliable method of contraception. If you are worried about the possibility of pregnancy, taking the ECP is a reasonable precaution, especially since you had unprotected intercourse earlier in the month.

5. Recommendations:
- Since you have already taken the ECP, continue taking your regular birth control pills as scheduled. There is no need to stop or alter your birth control regimen.

- Monitor your body for any unusual symptoms or changes in your menstrual cycle after taking the ECP. It’s common to experience some irregularities, but if you have concerns, consult your healthcare provider.

- If you experience any significant side effects or if your period is late after taking the ECP, consider taking a pregnancy test or consulting your healthcare provider for further guidance.

In summary, taking emergency contraceptive pills while on regular birth control is generally safe and does not negate the effectiveness of your ongoing contraceptive method. However, it is always best to consult with your healthcare provider for personalized advice and to address any specific concerns you may have regarding your contraceptive methods and sexual health.

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