Should You Worry About Dengue Fever from Mosquito Bites in Taiwan?

Mosquito-borne diseases

Hello, Doctor.
I would like to ask if I should be concerned about dengue fever after being bitten by mosquitoes in Taiwan.
My father is Japanese, and I have been living in Osaka since middle school, only returning to Taiwan during the Lunar New Year to visit my mother's family.
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, I couldn't go back to Japan this time, as our university has postponed the start of the semester until May or even longer.

Yesterday, while sleeping at my grandmother's house, I heard some buzzing sounds and woke up to find that I had been bitten by about five mosquitoes.
My cousin mentioned that I should be cautious about dengue fever in Taiwan.
Although Japan also has this disease, I have never heard of it in Shizuoka, where I used to live; I only learned about it through the news.
Now, I am staying at my grandmother's house in Taipei, and both she and my mother told me not to worry too much.

I am unsure if I should be concerned about mosquito bites in Taiwan or if it's okay not to be overly anxious.
I was surprised by how aggressive the mosquitoes are here, as the bites became red and itchy.
I didn't notice any mosquitoes when I returned during the Lunar New Year, so I wonder if it’s a seasonal issue.
I apologize for interrupting your work, and thank you for answering my question! Kaori

Kaori, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2020/04/21

Dr. Ye Qianyu reply Family Medicine

Hello! Taiwan is located in a subtropical region, characterized by a hot and humid environment, which is ideal for mosquito breeding, making it a high-risk area for dengue fever outbreaks.
Dengue fever is an acute infectious disease caused by the dengue virus, which is transmitted to humans through mosquitoes.
There are four serotypes of the virus: I, II, III, and IV.
Clinically, repeated infections with different serotypes of the dengue virus can elicit varying degrees of host responses, ranging from mild or subtle symptoms to typical dengue fever with fever and rash, or warning signs such as lethargy, restlessness, and hepatomegaly.
Severe cases can even lead to severe bleeding or serious organ damage.
(This information is sourced from the Centers for Disease Control website.) It is recommended to maintain cleanliness in your home environment, avoid leaving containers that can collect stagnant water, and use approved mosquito repellents and nets as preventive measures against the disease.
If you experience any of the aforementioned symptoms, seek medical treatment promptly.

Reply Date: 2020/04/21

More Info

In Taiwan, the concern about dengue fever due to mosquito bites is indeed valid. Dengue fever is a viral infection transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, particularly Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, which thrive in tropical and subtropical climates. Taiwan's warm and humid environment provides an ideal breeding ground for these mosquitoes, making it a high-risk area for dengue outbreaks.

Dengue fever can manifest in various ways, ranging from mild symptoms to severe illness. The symptoms typically include high fever, severe headache, pain behind the eyes, joint and muscle pain, rash, and mild bleeding. In some cases, individuals may experience more severe forms of the disease, such as dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome, which can be life-threatening. The risk of severe disease increases with subsequent infections, as there are four distinct serotypes of the dengue virus.

Given your situation, where you have been bitten by mosquitoes in Taiwan, it is wise to be cautious. While not every mosquito bite will result in dengue infection, the presence of mosquitoes in your environment does increase your risk. The fact that you have been bitten multiple times raises the need for vigilance. If you start experiencing any symptoms associated with dengue fever, it is crucial to seek medical attention promptly.

Preventive measures are essential to reduce the risk of dengue fever. Here are some recommendations:
1. Eliminate Breeding Sites: Mosquitoes breed in stagnant water. Ensure that there are no containers holding water around your living area, such as flower pots, buckets, or discarded tires.

2. Use Mosquito Repellents: Apply insect repellent containing DEET, picaridin, or oil of lemon eucalyptus on exposed skin to deter mosquito bites.

3. Wear Protective Clothing: When possible, wear long-sleeved shirts and long pants to minimize skin exposure.

4. Install Screens: Ensure that windows and doors have screens to keep mosquitoes out of your home.

5. Use Mosquito Nets: If you are sleeping in an area where mosquitoes are prevalent, consider using a mosquito net for added protection.

6. Stay Informed: Keep an eye on local health advisories regarding dengue outbreaks in your area.

If you develop symptoms such as high fever, severe headache, or rash, it is important to consult a healthcare professional for evaluation and possible testing for dengue fever. Early diagnosis and management can significantly improve outcomes.

In summary, while not every mosquito bite will lead to dengue fever, the risk is present in Taiwan, and it is wise to take preventive measures seriously. Stay vigilant, and if you experience any concerning symptoms, do not hesitate to seek medical care. Your health and safety are paramount, especially in a region where dengue fever is endemic.

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