Blood in Stool: Causes and When to Seek Help

Blood in stool?

Hello, Doctor Ke.
Last night I experienced abdominal pain and diarrhea.
After having a bowel movement, I felt some relief, but I still have a dull ache in my left abdomen.
This morning, my stool was thin and long, and there was a piece of bloody mucus attached to it.
Additionally, I have noticed a significant weight loss over the past few years, and my gastrointestinal discomfort has been intermittent (I have had diarrhea with blood almost every time, but it doesn't happen very often—usually just once or twice for relief).
What should I do, Doctor?

H, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2020/05/11

Dr. Ke Fangxu reply Surgery

Based on your description, it seems more like irritable bowel syndrome with mild bleeding.
It is recommended to start with a light diet and maintain a good lifestyle routine.
Spicy, irritating, and greasy foods should be avoided.
Increasing the intake of dietary fiber can also be beneficial.
If symptoms persist without improvement, you may consult a physician for medication or consider undergoing a colonoscopy.

Reply Date: 2020/05/11

More Info

Blood in stool can be a concerning symptom and may indicate a variety of underlying conditions, some of which require immediate medical attention. Given your description of abdominal pain, changes in stool consistency, the presence of blood and mucus, and significant weight loss, it is essential to seek medical evaluation as soon as possible.

Possible Causes of Blood in Stool
1. Hemorrhoids: Swollen veins in the rectum or anus can cause bright red blood on the stool or toilet paper. While this is a common cause, it is essential to rule out more serious conditions.

2. Anal Fissures: Small tears in the lining of the anus can lead to bleeding, especially during bowel movements. This is often accompanied by pain.

3. Gastrointestinal Infections: Bacterial, viral, or parasitic infections can cause diarrhea with blood and mucus. These infections can lead to inflammation of the intestines.

4. Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): Conditions like Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis can cause chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, leading to symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, and blood in the stool.

5. Polyps or Colorectal Cancer: Polyps are growths on the inner lining of the colon that can bleed. Some polyps can become cancerous over time. Given your significant weight loss and changes in bowel habits, this is a possibility that should be evaluated.

6. Diverticular Disease: Diverticulosis can lead to diverticulitis, which may cause bleeding and abdominal pain.

When to Seek Help
You should seek medical attention immediately if you experience any of the following:
- Persistent or severe abdominal pain
- Significant weight loss (as you mentioned)
- Blood in stool that is accompanied by other symptoms such as fever, chills, or severe diarrhea
- Changes in bowel habits that are unusual for you, especially if they persist
- Symptoms of dehydration such as excessive thirst, dry mouth, or dizziness

What to Expect at the Doctor's Office
When you visit your healthcare provider, they will likely perform a thorough evaluation, which may include:
- Medical History and Physical Examination: Discussing your symptoms, duration, and any other relevant health issues.

- Laboratory Tests: Blood tests may be done to check for anemia or signs of infection.

- Stool Tests: To identify any infectious agents or blood.

- Imaging Studies: Such as a CT scan or ultrasound to visualize the abdomen.

- Endoscopy or Colonoscopy: If necessary, to directly visualize the gastrointestinal tract and possibly take biopsies.

Conclusion
Given your symptoms, especially the presence of blood in your stool, weight loss, and abdominal discomfort, it is crucial to consult a healthcare professional promptly. Early diagnosis and treatment can significantly improve outcomes, especially if a serious condition is present. Do not delay seeking help, as timely intervention is key in managing gastrointestinal issues effectively.

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