Pregnancy Risks: Safe Practices During Menstrual Cycles

Using condoms during the fertile period?

Hello doctor, my girlfriend's last menstrual period started on May 21.
We had intercourse on May 29 and May 31, and we used condoms throughout.
Afterward, we checked to ensure the condom did not break.
However, I did touch my penis before inserting my fingers inside her, but I did not ejaculate at that time, and my glans was not wet.
What is the likelihood of pregnancy in this situation?

123, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2020/05/31

Dr. Huang Yuande reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

From a date perspective, if your girlfriend has a menstrual cycle of 28 days and her period is late, the chances of conception are low.
However, it is generally recommended to use condoms throughout the entire sexual encounter, rather than putting it on midway, to prevent unintended pregnancy.

Reply Date: 2020/05/31

More Info

When it comes to understanding pregnancy risks and safe practices during menstrual cycles, it's important to consider several factors regarding conception, the menstrual cycle, and the use of contraceptives like condoms.

Firstly, the menstrual cycle typically lasts about 28 days, but it can vary from person to person. Ovulation, which is when an egg is released from the ovary, usually occurs around 14 days before the start of the next period. For someone whose last period started on May 21, ovulation would likely occur around June 4, give or take a few days. Engaging in sexual intercourse on May 29 and May 31, while using a condom, means that you were close to the ovulation window, which is when the chances of conception are highest.

Regarding the use of condoms, they are one of the most effective forms of contraception when used correctly. You mentioned that you checked the condom for leaks after intercourse, which is a good practice. If the condom was intact and there was no spillage of semen, the likelihood of pregnancy is significantly reduced. However, it's important to note that pre-ejaculate fluid (pre-cum) can contain sperm, and if there was any transfer of this fluid to your girlfriend's vagina, there is a small risk of pregnancy, even if you did not ejaculate.

In your case, since you stated that you did not ejaculate and that the condom was intact, the chances of pregnancy are low, but not zero. The act of touching your penis and then inserting your fingers into her vagina could theoretically introduce sperm, but if your penis was dry and there was no ejaculation, the risk remains minimal.

To address your concerns about safe practices during menstrual cycles, here are some key points:
1. Understanding Fertility: Knowing the menstrual cycle and ovulation can help in planning sexual activity. Engaging in sexual intercourse during the fertile window (the days leading up to and including ovulation) carries a higher risk of pregnancy.

2. Contraceptive Use: Always ensure that condoms are used correctly and consistently. Check for any damage before and after use. Consider using additional forms of contraception for added protection, such as hormonal birth control methods.

3. Communication: Discussing contraceptive methods and concerns with your partner is crucial. Both partners should be aware of the risks and responsibilities involved in sexual activity.

4. Emergency Contraception: If there is a concern about potential pregnancy after unprotected intercourse or contraceptive failure, emergency contraception (like Plan B) can be taken within a certain timeframe to reduce the risk of pregnancy.

5. Regular Check-ups: Regular visits to a healthcare provider for sexual health check-ups can provide valuable information and resources regarding contraception and reproductive health.

In conclusion, while the risk of pregnancy in your described scenario is low, it is not entirely absent. Understanding the menstrual cycle, using condoms correctly, and maintaining open communication with your partner are essential practices for managing pregnancy risks effectively. If there are any further concerns or if your girlfriend experiences any unusual symptoms, it would be wise to consult a healthcare professional for personalized advice and guidance.

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