Asthma or Autonomic Nervous System Disorder: Your Symptoms - Pulmonology

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Is it asthma or autonomic nervous system dysfunction?


Hello, doctor.
I have asthma due to family history (my grandfather had asthma), but under the misconception that I no longer had asthma symptoms after middle school, my parents didn't let me use a dry powder inhaler, fearing the effects of medication.
For over ten years, I had no significant issues, and I do not have any bad habits like smoking or drinking.
However, in late November last year, I developed a throat infection that led to otitis media, and this condition persisted until the Lunar New Year.
After returning to work, the doctor at my regular clinic said it was due to my fatigue.
I then started experiencing nighttime coughs, which were not severe at first, so I didn't pay much attention, thinking it was related to my ongoing illness.
Gradually, the nighttime cough worsened, affecting my sleep, and I felt short of breath.
The next day, I went to a large hospital, and the doctor diagnosed me with an asthma attack, correcting my understanding of asthma.
He also mentioned that my profession (indoor designer and college instructor) could be a triggering factor.
He prescribed a week’s worth of medication (a short-acting bronchodilator, oral corticosteroids, oral bronchodilators, and antihistamines).
However, the effects were minimal, and my symptoms did not improve.
After a follow-up visit, the doctor arranged for blood tests and X-rays, which came back normal.
He prescribed another week of medication, adding antibiotics and cardiovascular medication due to my rapid heartbeat.
After returning home, my condition improved significantly; I was no longer wheezing or experiencing shortness of breath, but the nighttime cough persisted, even waking me up in the early morning.
During my follow-up, the doctor said my blood test results were normal but was unsure of the issue.
He later prescribed a dry powder inhaler, antihistamines, and corticosteroids, stating he was hesitant to prescribe oral bronchodilators due to my high heart rate (around 130 bpm).
I then visited a cardiologist, who conducted tests and found everything normal, attributing my symptoms to autonomic nervous system dysfunction.
In the following days, I was unsure if my physical condition was deteriorating or if it was asthma.
After moving slightly heavy items to another room, I became extremely breathless and needed to rest for a while to recover.
Living on the fourth floor, I usually took the stairs without issue, but gradually I began to feel short of breath and fatigued when reaching the fourth floor.
After a few days, I found myself needing to rest after climbing to the third floor.
This pattern continued for several days.
During my follow-up, I informed the doctor, who ordered another X-ray, which showed no problems.
He prescribed oral and inhaled corticosteroids, antihistamines, and a few days' worth of oral bronchodilators.
The doctor admitted he was unsure how to prescribe medication due to my rapid heartbeat but still prescribed oral bronchodilators for me to adjust.
I continued to have fluctuating symptoms during follow-ups, and my appetite decreased.
Initially, after the otitis media, my appetite was slightly poor, and my weight dropped from 55.8 kg to 54 kg (I am 155 cm tall).
However, since February, after being diagnosed with an asthma attack at the large hospital, my weight gradually decreased, especially rapidly in the later months.
The nighttime cough symptoms have lessened, and I no longer cough severely enough to disrupt my sleep.
My wheezing symptoms have been inconsistent; sometimes, walking a short distance to another room would leave me breathless and needing to rest, while at other times, I would wheeze but not to the point of needing to rest.
On June 12, during a follow-up, my weight had dropped to 45.5 kg.
The doctor was puzzled, noting that patients usually gain weight due to corticosteroids.
He ordered more blood tests related to weight loss, including cancer markers, and asked if I consented to an HIV test.
Although I thought it was unlikely, I agreed to find the cause and also scheduled a pulmonary function test.
On June 19, I returned for the pulmonary function test.
I had to refrain from all medications the day before, which made me feel uncomfortable but manageable.
The testing process was challenging; I struggled with shortness of breath and experienced chest pain or difficulty breathing during forced inhalation and exhalation.
In the second phase, I used a short-acting bronchodilator, which helped somewhat, but the inhalation and exhalation process remained difficult.
The technician ended the test when they saw I was trying my best.
Afterward, I felt extremely fatigued.
During my follow-up, the doctor said all blood tests were normal and suggested that my symptoms might be due to stress or autonomic nervous system dysfunction.
He advised me to eat more and sent me home.
After the pulmonary function test, I was too exhausted to think about asking the doctor about the results.
Reflecting on the past four to five months, I realized I had not improved, which affected my work.
Some suggested I switch to another large hospital, while others recommended seeing a specialist for autonomic nervous system dysfunction.
Now, I am unsure of what to do, so I am seeking your professional advice.
Should I switch doctors or see a specialist for autonomic nervous system dysfunction?

Miss Song, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2020/06/20

Dr. Yang Wenda reply Pulmonology


Hello: Your symptoms still resemble asthma.
The pulmonary function test showed improvement in symptoms after inhalation of a short-acting bronchodilator.
The report can be further interpreted by your physician.
The difficulty in breathing affects the autonomic nervous system as a result, not as a cause! You feel that your sleep and rest are insufficient, which naturally makes you feel tired.
As long as you ensure the quality of your diet and sleep, your weight should gradually increase.

Reply Date: 2020/06/20

More Info


Based on your detailed description of symptoms and medical history, it seems you are experiencing a complex interplay between asthma and potential autonomic nervous system (ANS) disorders. Let's break down your situation and provide some insights into both conditions.


Understanding Asthma
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways characterized by episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and coughing, particularly at night or early in the morning. It can be triggered by various factors, including allergens, respiratory infections, physical activity, and stress. Given your family history of asthma and the recent exacerbation of symptoms following an upper respiratory infection, it is plausible that your asthma has been reactivated or worsened.

The medications prescribed to you, including bronchodilators and corticosteroids, are standard treatments for asthma. However, your report of persistent symptoms despite medication raises concerns about either inadequate control of your asthma or the possibility of another underlying condition.


Autonomic Nervous System Disorders
The autonomic nervous system regulates involuntary bodily functions, including heart rate, digestion, and respiratory rate. Disorders of the ANS can manifest in various ways, including heart palpitations, excessive sweating, gastrointestinal issues, and respiratory difficulties. Your symptoms of increased heart rate (tachycardia), fatigue, and difficulty breathing could suggest an ANS dysfunction, especially if they occur in conjunction with stress or anxiety.


The Interplay Between Asthma and ANS Disorders
It's important to note that asthma and ANS disorders can influence each other. Stress and anxiety can exacerbate asthma symptoms, leading to a cycle of worsening respiratory issues and increased autonomic instability. Conversely, respiratory distress can trigger autonomic responses, such as increased heart rate and anxiety, further complicating the clinical picture.


Recommendations
1. Follow-Up with a Specialist: Given the complexity of your symptoms and the lack of improvement with current treatments, it may be beneficial to consult a pulmonologist or an allergist who specializes in asthma management. They can perform comprehensive lung function tests and possibly conduct further allergy testing to identify specific triggers.

2. Consider a Neurologist or ANS Specialist: If your symptoms of tachycardia and fatigue persist, it may be worthwhile to see a neurologist or a specialist in autonomic disorders. They can evaluate whether there is an underlying autonomic dysfunction contributing to your symptoms.

3. Lifestyle Modifications: Managing stress through techniques such as mindfulness, yoga, or cognitive behavioral therapy can be beneficial. Regular physical activity, as tolerated, can also help improve overall respiratory function and reduce anxiety.

4. Nutritional Support: Your significant weight loss is concerning and should be addressed. A consultation with a nutritionist may help you develop a dietary plan that supports your health and energy levels.

5. Monitor Symptoms: Keep a detailed diary of your symptoms, including when they occur, their severity, and any potential triggers. This information can be invaluable for your healthcare providers in diagnosing and managing your condition.

6. Consider a Second Opinion: If you feel your concerns are not being adequately addressed, seeking a second opinion from another healthcare provider can provide new insights or treatment options.


Conclusion
Your situation is multifaceted, involving both asthma and potential autonomic nervous system issues. A thorough evaluation by specialists in both fields is essential to determine the best course of action. Remember, effective communication with your healthcare providers about your symptoms and concerns is crucial in managing your health.

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