Can Dilated Eye Exams Detect Glaucoma and Other Eye Issues?

Q: Can Dilated Eye Exams Detect Glaucoma and Other Eye Issues?

Hello, Hui-Yu： A dilated fundus examination will also assess the optic nerve; however, glaucoma will not be diagnosed solely based on the appearance of the optic nerve unless there are significant changes. <br>The diagnosis of glaucoma typically requires a combination of intraocu

Pupil dilation examination can help detect glaucoma?

Hello, Doctor.
I am 23 years old, and I have 100 degrees of myopia in both eyes, with astigmatism of 200 degrees in each eye.
I have been experiencing floaters for about 3 to 4 years.
Last year, I noticed a sensation like an electric current in the corner of my right eye, which disappeared after a few months.
I didn't pay much attention to it until recently when I saw the electric current again in the same area.
A few days ago, I went to a small ophthalmology clinic for an eye examination.
The doctor performed a dilated fundus examination and applied a clear, watery substance to a circular device before inserting it into my eye.
It wasn't painful; I am not sure if this was a fundus examination.
The doctor said my retina is not detached, so I shouldn't worry, but he didn't explain the phenomenon of seeing the electric current.
I am still very concerned and overthinking it because I keep seeing this electric current.
I consulted two other ophthalmologists, and they all said there was nothing wrong.
I tend to worry a lot.
When I look at lights at home, I don't see rainbows, but when I am outside, especially at night or when it's raining, I see a little bit of a rainbow.
I would like to know if a fundus examination can detect all eye diseases, especially glaucoma.
I forgot to ask the doctor about glaucoma, and I regret it.
After all, glaucoma tests are expensive, and I could only afford a basic fundus examination.
I apologize for asking so many questions at once, and I appreciate your help.

Hui Yu, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2020/07/27

Dr. He Jianxian reply Ophthalmology

Hello, Hui-Yu: A dilated fundus examination will also assess the optic nerve; however, glaucoma will not be diagnosed solely based on the appearance of the optic nerve unless there are significant changes.
The diagnosis of glaucoma typically requires a combination of intraocular pressure measurements and visual field changes.
Given your age, the likelihood of developing glaucoma is very low.
Dr.
Jian-Hsien Ho, Chief of Ophthalmology, Nantou Hospital.

Reply Date: 2020/07/27

More Info

Dilated eye exams are a crucial part of comprehensive eye care, particularly in the detection of glaucoma and other ocular conditions. During a dilated eye exam, eye drops are used to widen (dilate) the pupils, allowing the eye doctor to get a better view of the retina and optic nerve at the back of the eye. This examination is essential for diagnosing various eye diseases, including glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, and macular degeneration.

Can Dilated Eye Exams Detect Glaucoma?
Yes, dilated eye exams can help detect glaucoma. During the exam, the doctor will assess the optic nerve for any signs of damage, which is a key indicator of glaucoma. The optic nerve is responsible for transmitting visual information from the eye to the brain, and damage to this nerve can lead to vision loss. The doctor may also measure the intraocular pressure (IOP), which is often elevated in glaucoma patients. However, it is important to note that not all patients with elevated IOP will develop glaucoma, and some individuals with normal IOP can still have glaucoma (normal-tension glaucoma).

In addition to visual inspection, other tests may be performed during the dilated exam, such as visual field testing and optical coherence tomography (OCT), which provides detailed images of the optic nerve and can help in assessing the thickness of the nerve fiber layer.

Other Eye Issues Detected During Dilated Exams
Dilated eye exams can also detect a range of other eye issues, including:
1. Retinal Detachment: The doctor can look for signs of retinal tears or detachments, which can lead to vision loss if not treated promptly.

2. Diabetic Retinopathy: For patients with diabetes, the exam can reveal changes in the blood vessels of the retina, indicating diabetic retinopathy.

3. Macular Degeneration: The exam can help identify early signs of age-related macular degeneration, which affects central vision.

4. Hypertensive Retinopathy: High blood pressure can cause changes in the retina, which can be detected during the exam.

Your Symptoms and Concerns
Regarding your specific symptoms, such as the "electric current" sensation in your right eye and seeing rainbows at night or in the rain, these could be related to various factors, including visual disturbances or issues with the vitreous gel in the eye. The fact that multiple eye doctors have examined you and found no retinal detachment is reassuring, but if these symptoms persist or worsen, it is advisable to follow up with an eye care professional.

The appearance of rainbows or halos around lights, particularly at night, can sometimes be associated with refractive errors or corneal issues. Given your history of myopia and astigmatism, these visual phenomena may be related to your existing conditions.

Conclusion
In summary, dilated eye exams are a vital tool in detecting glaucoma and other eye diseases. They provide a comprehensive view of the health of your eyes and can identify issues that may not be apparent during a standard eye exam. If you have ongoing concerns about your symptoms, it is important to communicate these with your eye care provider, who may recommend further testing or monitoring to ensure your eye health remains stable. Regular eye exams are essential, especially for individuals with risk factors for eye diseases, as early detection can significantly improve outcomes.

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